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    Extraction of lanthanum and cerium from a bastnasite ore by direct acidic leaching
    (TMMOB Maden Mühendisleri Odası, 2020-06-01) Özsaraç, Şafak; Kurşunoğlu, Sait; Hussaini, Shokrullah; Gökçen, Hasan Serkan; Kaya, Muammer; Altıner, Mahmut; Top, Soner
    The extraction of lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) from a bastnasite ore by direct acidic leaching was investigated. The effects of acid concentration and leaching temperature on the extraction of La and Ce from the ore were tested. Using nitric (NHO3 ), more than 85% of the La and Ce were simultaneously extracted into leach solution whereas the La and Ce dissolutions were determined as less than 85% by using sulfuric acid (H2 SO4 ). The La dissolution exceeded 90% by using hydrochloric acid (HCl); however, the Ce dissolution remained below 85% under the following conditions: solid-to-liquid ratio of 20% (w/v), the acid concentration of 20%, leaching temperature of 25 °C and leaching time of 1 h. The result revealed that HNO3 could be used as a solvent for the maximum simultaneous extraction of the La and Ce from the bastnasite ore. The leaching temperature had no crucial effect on the dissolution of La and Ce when HNO3 or HCl solutions were preferred as a solvating agent. However, the leaching temperature had a slight positive effect on the dissolutions of La and Ce when H2 SO4 was used as a solvent.
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    Production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a thorium containing complex Bastnasite ore
    (Journals & Books, 2021-02) Özsaraç, Şafak; Kurşunoğlu, Sait; Hussaini, Shokrullah; Top, Soner; Ichlas, Zela Tanlega; Gökçen, Hasan Serkan; Kaya, Muammer
    The production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a thorium containing bastnasite ore by sulfuric acid bake-water leaching followed by precipitation with oxalic acid and thermal decomposition of the oxalates was investigated. The sulfuric acid baking was performed at 250 °C and the optimum baking time was found to be 3 h. Using deionized water as lixiviant, 92.6% La, 86.8% Ce, 86.9% Pr, 82.3% Nd, 95.4% Th and 31% Y were dissolved from the baked ore at 25 °C after 30 min of leaching. The effect of solid-to-liquid ratio on the dissolution of the rare earth elements and thorium shows that when the solid ratio in the water increased from 1:10 to 1:3, the dissolution percentage decreased. The final mixed rare earth oxide powder contained 88.54% REO and 6% ThO2 together with small amounts of other impurities. The SEM mapping results revealed that the produced REO has an irregular crystal shape. Based on the experimental results obtained from the current study, a flowsheet was proposed for the production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a specific complex bastnasite ore.