Fotovoltaik panellerde ısınma kaynaklı kayıpları azaltmak için panel yüzeylerinin farklı tasarımlarla soğutulması ve sonuçların analizi
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Tarih
2022-01-06
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Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
Bu tez çalışmasında fotovoltaik panellerde ısı kaynaklı kayıpları azaltmak ve panel verimini arttırmak için panellerin ön yüzeylerinden ve arka yüzeylerinden kurulan deney düzenekleri ile soğuk su geçişleri sağlanmıştır. Panellerin alt ve üst yüzey sıcaklılarının farklı su debileri ile soğutulması sağlanmış olup elde edilen maksimum güç değerleri (Akım(A), Voltaj(V) ve Güç(W)) ölçülüp elde edilen verilerin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca dış ortamın zamana bağlı sıcaklık değerleri ve güneş ışığı radyasyon değerleri de ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin analizi ve panel verimi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Deneyler açık alanda kurulan düzenekler ile üniversite kampüsünde yapılmıştır. Deney için üç adet 40W’lık PV panel kullanılmıştır. Panellerden birinin ön yüzeyi çift cam arasından geçirilen soğuk su ile soğutulmuş. Bir diğeri ise arka yüzeyinden çift cam arasından geçirilen soğuk su ile soğutulmuş. Üçüncü panel ise kontrol ve karşılaştırma amaçlı olarak boş bırakılmıştır. Ortam sıcaklıkları ve panellerin farklı yüzey sıcaklıkları ile su giriş ve çıkış sıcaklıklarının ölçümleri yapılmış ve zamana bağlı olarak oluşan maksimum güç, akım ve volt değerleri kayıt altına alınmıştır. Sonuçlara göre panelin arka yüzeyden su ile soğutulması panel verimine ortalama %1.57 ile %4.87 oranlarında olumlu etki ettiği gözlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte debi 0.25lt/dk iken panel yüzey sıcaklıkları 2_60C arasında, debi 0.5lt/dk iken panel yüzey sıcaklıkları 2-80C arasında, debi 1lt/dk iken panel yüzey sıcaklıkları 3-100C arasında düşürülmüştür. Özellikle radyasyon değerinin 1000W/m2 ve üzeri değerlerinde soğutulan panellerin veriminin arttığı gözlenmiştir. Deney sonucuna göre üretilen enerjinin sistem maliyeti, su akışı için gerekli olan enerji kayıpları dikkate alındığında PV panellerinin arka yüzeyden su ile soğutulmasının panel verimine olumlu katkısı olacağı görülmüştür.
In this thesis study, cold water passages were provided with experimental setups set up from the front and rear surfaces of the panels in order to reduce the heat-induced losses and increase the panel efficiency in photovoltaic panels. It was ensured that the lower and upper surface temperatures of the panels were cooled with different water flow rates, and the obtained maximum power values (Current(A), Voltage(V) and Power(W)) were measured and the obtained data were compared. In addition, time-dependent temperature values of the external environment and sunlight radiation values were also measured. The analysis of the obtained data and its effects on panel efficiency were examined. The experiments were carried out on the university campus with the apparatus set up in the open area. Three 40W PV panels were used for the experiment. The front surface of one of the panels is cooled by cold water flowing through the double glazing. Another is cooled by cold water, which is passed through the double glass on its back surface. The third panel was left blank for control and comparison purposes. Ambient temperatures, different surface temperatures of the panels, and water inlet and outlet temperatures were measured, and the maximum power, current and volt values that occurred depending on time were recorded. According to the results, it was observed that cooling the panel with water from the back surface had a positive effect on the panel efficiency at an average of %1.57 to %4.87. However, when the flow rate is 0.25lt/min, the panel surface temperatures are between 2-60C, when the flow is 0.5lt/min, the panel surface temperatures are between 2-80C, and when the flow is 1lt/min, the panel surface temperatures are reduced between 3-100C. It was observed that the efficiency of the cooled panels increased especially at 1000W/m2 and above radiation values. According to the results of the experiment, considering the system cost of the energy produced and the energy losses required for the water flow, it has been seen that cooling the PV panels with water from the rear surface will contribute positively to the panel efficiency.
In this thesis study, cold water passages were provided with experimental setups set up from the front and rear surfaces of the panels in order to reduce the heat-induced losses and increase the panel efficiency in photovoltaic panels. It was ensured that the lower and upper surface temperatures of the panels were cooled with different water flow rates, and the obtained maximum power values (Current(A), Voltage(V) and Power(W)) were measured and the obtained data were compared. In addition, time-dependent temperature values of the external environment and sunlight radiation values were also measured. The analysis of the obtained data and its effects on panel efficiency were examined. The experiments were carried out on the university campus with the apparatus set up in the open area. Three 40W PV panels were used for the experiment. The front surface of one of the panels is cooled by cold water flowing through the double glazing. Another is cooled by cold water, which is passed through the double glass on its back surface. The third panel was left blank for control and comparison purposes. Ambient temperatures, different surface temperatures of the panels, and water inlet and outlet temperatures were measured, and the maximum power, current and volt values that occurred depending on time were recorded. According to the results, it was observed that cooling the panel with water from the back surface had a positive effect on the panel efficiency at an average of %1.57 to %4.87. However, when the flow rate is 0.25lt/min, the panel surface temperatures are between 2-60C, when the flow is 0.5lt/min, the panel surface temperatures are between 2-80C, and when the flow is 1lt/min, the panel surface temperatures are reduced between 3-100C. It was observed that the efficiency of the cooled panels increased especially at 1000W/m2 and above radiation values. According to the results of the experiment, considering the system cost of the energy produced and the energy losses required for the water flow, it has been seen that cooling the PV panels with water from the rear surface will contribute positively to the panel efficiency.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fotovoltaik Panel, Güneş Enerji Sistemleri, Verim, Yenilenebilir Enerji, Efficiency, Photovoltaic Panel, Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Systems
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
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Künye
Çağırtekin, Ö. (2022). Fotovoltaik panellerde ısınma kaynaklı kayıpları azaltmak için panel yüzeylerinin farklı tasarımlarla soğutulması ve sonuçların analizi. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Batman.
