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Öğe Experimental investigation of solar stills integrated with solar water heating collectors(Türk Isı Bilimi ve Tekniği Derneği, 2017-10-31) Argunhan, Zeki; El, Emin; Yıldız, Cengiz; Çakmak, GülşahSolar still is a more practical way of obtaining clean water. In this study, we aimed to improve the efficiency of solar still systems and obtain distilled water at the same time. For this purpose, 5 different solar still systems were designed. Type 1; conventional solar still, Type 2; conventional solar still integrated with solar water heating collector and run via natural convection, Type 3; conventional solar still integrated with solar water heating collector and tubular heat exchanger and run via natural convection, Type 4; conventional solar still placed with plate heat exchanger and integrated with solar water heating collector and run via natural convection, Type 5; conventional solar still placed with plate heat exchanger and integrated with solar water heating collector and run via forced convection. In this study, the experiments were carried out on the parameters influencing the performance, the amount of distilled water obtained, and the efficiency of experiment settings designed in different types; and finally the results were presented. The amount of distilled water and efficiency of conventional solar still were 2389 ml and 51.47%, respectively. Maximum total amount of water and efficiency from natural convection systems were obtained from Type 4, and the values calculated were found as to be 5788 ml and 55.91%. Maximum amount of distilled water and the efficiency were obtained by utilizing forced convection system were found as to be 6068 ml and 58.99%, respectively.Öğe Design, preparation and application of a Pirkle-type chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation of some racemic organic acids and molecular dynamics studies(ACG Publications, 2017-11) Çakmak, Reşit; Ercan, Selami; Sünkür, Murat; Yılmaz, Hayrullah; Topal, GirayThis study consists of two parts. In the first part of the study; a Pirkle-type chiral stationary phase was prepared by synthesizing an aromatic amine derivative of (R)-2-amino-1-butanol as a chiral selector and binding to L-tyrosine-modified cyanogen bromide (CNBr)-activated Sepharose 4B and then, packed into the separation column. The chromatographic performance of the separation column was evaluated with racemic mandelic acid and 2-phenylpropionic acid by using phosphate buffers at three different pHs as mobile phase. In the resolution processes, the prepared solutions were loaded onto the separation column at two different concentrations and at three different pHs for each racemic organic acid, separately. Enantiomeric excess (ee%) of the eluates was determined on CHIRALPAK AD-H chiral analytical column by HPLC. The maximum ee% for mandelic acid and 2-phenylpropionic acid was determined to be 60.84 and 27.4, respectively. Separation factors (k1 ’ , k2 ’ , α, and Rs) were calculated for each acid. The structures of the obtained compounds were characterized using the spectroscopic methods (NMR, and elemental analysis). In the second part of the study; enantioselective interactions between the prepared CSP and the analytes have been widely studied by docking, molecular dynamics simulation and quantum mechanical computation methods. The reason of column eluation of rac-2-phenylpropionic acid with lower enantiomeric yield was explained by these techniques.Öğe PowSysGUI: A new educational software package for power system stability studies using MATLAB/Simulink(SAGE, 2017-10-01) Ekinci, Serdar; Demirören, Ayşen; Zeynelgil, Hatice LaleGraphical user interfaces have been progressively used in the classrooms to provide users of computer simulations with a friendly and visual approach to specify all input parameters with enhanced configuration flexibility. In this paper, an educational software package called PowSysGUI (Power System GUI), which runs on MATLAB and uses graphical user interfaces, has been developed for analysis and simulation of small to large size electric power systems. PowSysGUI is open-source software and anyone can see the inner structure of the program to figure out how to code a power engineering problem. It is designed as a simulation tool for researchers and educators, as it is simple to use and modify. PowSysGUI has algorithms for solving power flow, small signal stability analysis, and time-domain simulation. In the case studies, IEEE 16-machine 68-bus test system is given to show the features of the developed software tool. Moreover, classroom experience has shown that the developed software package helps in consolidating a better understanding of power system stability phenomena.Öğe Electronic properties of Cu/n-InP metal-semiconductor structures with cytosine biopolymer(Polska Akademia Nauk, 2015-09) Güllü, Ömer; Türüt, AbdülmecitThis work shows that cytosine biomolecules can control the electrical characteristics of conventional Cu/n-InP metal-semiconductor contacts. A new Cu/n-InP Schottky junction with cytosine interlayer has been formed by using a drop cast process. The current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of Cu/cytosine/n-InP structure were investigated at room temperature. A potential barrier height as high as 0.68 eV has been achieved for Cu/cytosine/n-InP Schottky diodes, which have good I-V characteristics. This good performance is attributed to the effect of interfacial biofilm between Cu and n-InP. By using C-V measurement of the Cu/cytosine/n-InP Schottky diode the diffusion potential and the barrier height have been calculated as a function of frequency. Also, the interface-state density of the Cu/cytosine/n-InP diode was found to vary from 2:24 × 1013 eV-1cm-2 to 5.56× 1012 eV-1 cm-2.Öğe Characterization of an Early Bronze Age pottery group from the upper Tigris valley (Turkey) by means of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques(X-RAY Spectrometry, 2019-04-17) Kozbe, Gülriz; Bayazıt, MuratIn this archaeometric research potsherds from Kavuşan Höyük (a mound located in the upper Tigris valley) representing the Metallic Ware, a diagnostic ceramic group mostly found in north Mesopotamia was characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in order to differ the imitated ones, if exist, to reveal the production technologies and compare the results with the previous archaeometric works concerning Metallic Ware. For this purpose, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, polarized energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used. Two groups were specified as the calcareous “imitations” and the dominant noncalcareous ware as the real ones. The results suggested that the noncalcareous ware of Kavuşan was presumably not produced with the possible clay deposits mentioned in previous studies, which focused on the provenance investigation of a wide range of Metallic Ware samples from the upper Tigris valley. It was also concluded from the results that the calcareous imitations would presumably belong to a local (in the name of Kavuşan) or regional (the upper Tigris) production due to the geological and chemical affinities.Öğe A fuzzy logic based approach to solve interval multiobjective nonlinear transportation problem(Springer Nature, 2019-06-01) Dalman, Hasan; Sivri, MustafaThis paper presents the solution procedure of multiobjective nonlinear transportation problem (MNOTP) where the cost coefficients of the objective functions, and the supply and the unknown demand parameters have been formulated as interval numbers by the decision maker. This problem has been converted into a conventional MNOTP where to minimize the interval nonlinear objective functions, the order relations that define the choice between intervals have been determined by the interval arithmetic. Also, the constraints with interval supply and unknown demand parameters have been transformed into its deterministic forms. Then the deterministic problems have been solved by two compromise programming methods. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed procedure as well.Öğe Determination of trace metal and mineral levels in the tobacco and cigarette samples using by FASS(Chemical Society of Pakistan, 2013-04) Levent, Abdulkadir; Yardım, Yavuz; Demir, CengizCigarettes and tobacco products are consumed in large amounts by human beings in the world. Also, tobacco is one of the most important agricultural products in Turkey. The accumulation of heavy metals in tobacco leaves in accordance with a possible risk of transferring them to people by smoke is well known. This study was carried out to estimate trace metal and mineral levels in tobacco and cigarettes from Eastern and South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey. The analysis was done by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using dry ashing or wet digestion. Results obtained are in agreement with data reported in the literature.Öğe Effect of the air flow rate of blower on the performance of solar still(Türk Isı Bilimi ve Tekniği Derneği, 2015-06-01) Argunhan, Zeki; El, Emin; Yücel, Halit Lutfi; Çakmak, Gülşah; Yıldız, CengizSolar distillation is one of the important methods for water purification. This paper examines the performance of solar distillation system at different air flow rate. To increase the performance of distiller, artificial wind was created by fan and suitable wind speed was investigated to increase the amount of water distilled. The experiments were carried out in Elazığ climate conditions. In order to examine the effect of the wind speed on solar distillation system, two stills were manufactured with the size of 1000x1000 mm. One of them was the conventional still which was used as a reference. The other still was used to investigate experimentally the effect of the wind speed. Graphs were drawn for time-dependent changes in the amount of water distilled. It was found that that the productivity of the fan-still distiller was 14.7 % greater than that of a conventional still.Öğe Synthesis, structural characterization of new macrocyclic Schiff base derived from 1,6-bis(2-formylphenyl)hexane and 2,6-diaminopyridine and its metal complexes(Scientific Publishers, 2008-04) İlhan, Salih; Sünkür, Murat; Temel, Hamdi; Teğin, İbrahimA macrocyclic ligand has been synthesized by reaction of 2,6-diaminopyridine and 1,6-bis(2-formylphenyl).hexane. Its complexes with Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and La(III) have been synthesized by the reaction of ligand and Cu(ClO4)(2)center dot 6H(2)O, Ni(ClO4)(2)center dot 6H(2)O, Pb(ClO4)(2)center dot 6H(2)O, Zn(ClO4)(2)center dot 6H(2)O, Cd(ClO4)(2)center dot 6H(2)O and La(ClO4)(3)center dot 6H(2)O, respectively. The ligand and its metal complexes have been characterized. All complexes are diamagnetic while the Cu(II) complex is binuclear.Öğe Multivariate padé approximation for solving nonlinear partial differential equations of fractional order(Hindawi, 2013-03-16) Turut, Veyis; Güzel, NuranTwo tecHniques were implemented, the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and multivariate Pade approximation (MPA), for ´ solving nonlinear partial differential equations of fractional order. The fractional derivatives are described in Caputo sense. First, the fractional differential equation has been solved and converted to power series by Adomian decomposition method (ADM), then power series solution of fractional differential equation was put into multivariate Pade series. Finally, numerical results were ´ compared and presented in tables and figures
