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Öğe Taming the late Quaternary phylogeography of the Eurasiatic wild ass through ancient and modern DNA(PLoS One, 2017-04-19) Gündem, Can Yumni; Bennett, E Andrew; Champlot, Sophie; Peters, Joris; Arbuckle, Benjamin S; Guimaraes, Silvia; Pruvos, Mlanie; David, Shirli Bar; Davis, Simon J M; Gautier, Mathieu; Kaczensky, Petra; Kuehn, Ralph; Mashkour, Marjan; Morales, Arturo; Muiz, Morales; Pucher, Erich; Tournepiche, Jean François; Uerpmann, HansPeter; Blşescu, Adrian; Germonpr, Mietje; Moull, Pierre Elie; Ötzan, Aliye; Walzer, Chris; Grange, Thierry; Geigl, Eva MariaTaxonomic over-splitting of extinct or endangered taxa, due to an incomplete knowledge of both skeletal morphological variability and the geographical ranges of past populations, continues to confuse the link between isolated extant populations and their ancestors. This is particularly problematic with the genus Equus. To more reliably determine the evolution and phylogeographic history of the endangered Asiatic wild ass, we studied the genetic diversity and inter-relationships of both extinct and extant populations over the last 100,000 years, including samples throughout its previous range from Western Europe to Southwest and East Asia. Using 229 bp of the mitochondrial hypervariable region, an approach which allowed the inclusion of information from extremely poorly preserved ancient samples, we classify all non-African wild asses into eleven clades that show a clear phylogeographic structure revealing their phylogenetic history. This study places the extinct European wild ass, E. hydruntinus, the phylogeny of which has been debated since the end of the 19th century, into its phylogenetic context within the Asiatic wild asses and reveals recent mitochondrial introgression between populations currently regarded as separate species. The phylogeographic organization of clades resulting from these efforts can be used not only to improve future taxonomic determination of a poorly characterized group of equids, but also to identify historic ranges, interbreeding events between various populations, and the impact of ancient climatic changes. In addition, appropriately placing extant relict populations into a broader phylogeographic and genetic context can better inform ongoing conservation strategies for this highly-endangered species.Öğe Understanding migration of sheep from its domestication center in Southeast Anatolia to West Anatolia by using of ancient mtDNA: Preliminary results(2017-07) Gündem, Can Yumni; Dağtaş, Dilşad; Yüncü, Eren; Özer, Füsun; Birand Özsoy, Ayşegül Ceren; Açan, Can; Akbaba, Ali; Gerritsen, Rana Deniz Özbal; İlgezdi Bertram, Gülçin; Pişkin, Evangelia; Somel, Mehmet; Çakan, Yasin Gökhan; Togan, İnciSheep domestication started in Southeast Anatolia about 10 000 years before common era (BCE) and spread to from there to other regions by demic diffusion of managed/domesticated sheep, cultural diffusion or both. To contribute to the understanding of the process of sheep domestication and spread within Anatolia, ancient sheep bones were collected from three archaeological sites; Barcın Höyük (Bursa, 6500-2300 BCE), Tepecik Çiftlik Höyük (Niğde, 6850- 5800 BCE) and Yeşilova Höyük (İzmir, 6252-5800 BCE). Ancient DNA was extracted from these samples and 144 bp long fragment of mitochondrial DNA control region was sequenced. Genetic continuity between sheep populations from lower levels of Barcın (Barcın1,6500-6100 BCE)- upper levels of Barcın (Barcın2, 3800-2300 BCE), Tepecik Çiftlik - Barcın 1 and Tepecik Çiftlik - Yeşilova Höyük was tested assuming exponential growth, mutation rate range of 10-8 to 10-6 and effective population size range between 50 to 1500. Genetic continuity between Barcın 1-2 and Tepecik Çiftlik - Barcın1 could not be rejected. However, continuity was rejected for Tepecik Çiftlik - Yeşilova for low mutations rates and/or low population sizes. Our preliminary results suggest that West-central Anatolian sheep originates from another gene pool than the Central and North-west Anatolian sheep.Öğe Introduction of wool sheep to Anatolia zooarchaeological evidence from c. 6000 BC to 2000 BC and Troy(2014-10) Gündem, Can YumniÖğe Pathology and impact of humans on the Japanese ancient horse Analysis of horse remains from the village of Muramatsu Shirane Ibaraki Prefecture Japan(2014-09) Gündem, Can Yumni; Nishimoto, Toyohiro; Hongo, HitomiÖğe Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups in unraveling the evolutionary history of sheep from southeast Anatolia(2014- 10) Gündem, Can Yumni; Özer, Füsun; Pişkin, Evangelia; Ekşi, Elçin; Togan, İnciÖğe The Anatomy of an Offering-Pit in Tepecik/Çiftlik–Niğde (c. 7000 BP)(Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, 2014-09) Gündem, Can Yumni
