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Öğe 1919'da Amerikan heyetlerinin Doğu Anadolu ve Transkafkasya gezileri ve Ermeni meselesi'ne dair raporları(Batman Üniversitesi, 2016) Demirci, Hasan; Türkmen, Mustafa NuriTarihi kökenleri XIX. yüzyıla uzanan ve Batılı emperyalist devletlerin, Osmanlı Devleti’ni parçalamak üzere “Şark Meselesi” çerçevesinde ortaya attığı Ermeni Meselesi, I. Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra dünya barışını tesis etmek ve Osmanlı Devleti’nin topraklarını paylaşmak üzere toplanan 18 Ocak 1919 tarihli Paris Barış Konferansı’nda ele alındı. Bu Konferansta Ermeniler, 12 Şubat 1919’da sundukları memorandumda “Batı Ermenistan” olarak iddia ettikleri Doğu Anadolu’da nüfus çoğunluğuna sahip olduklarını ileri sürdüler ve bu bölgeyi “Kafkas Ermenistan”ı ile birleştirip “Büyük Ermenistan” kurmayı amaçladılar. Kurulacak bu devletin her alanda kendi kendini yönetebilme kabiliyetine erişinceye kadar ABD mandası altına alınması tercih ediliyordu. Bu sebepten dolayı, ABD, Ermenistan ve Türkiye’yi bir manda idaresi altına almadan önce sağlam ve mantıklı adımlar atmak, devlet menfaatlerine uygun olup olmadığını tespit etmek ve bölge halkının ihtiyaçlarını belirlemek için Transkafkasya ve Doğu Anadolu’ya araştırma ve inceleme heyetleri göndermeye karar verdi. Bu sebeple, 13 Temmuz-13 Ağustos 1919 tarihleri arasında Doğu Anadolu’ya gelen ve faaliyet yürüten ilk Amerikan heyeti, Amerikan Yakın Doğu Yardım Derneği (American Comitte for Relief of Near East) adına Yüzbaşı Emory H. Niles ve yardımcısı Arthur E. Sutherland Heyeti idi. İkincisi ise Eylül-Ekim 1919 tarihleri arasında bölgeye gelen ve gözlemlerde bulunan General Harbord Heyeti idi. Her iki heyetin sundukları raporlar doğrultusunda, Ermenilerin, gerek savaş öncesi gerek savaş sonrası Doğu Anadolu’da hiçbir yerde çoğunlukta olmadıklarını ve Doğu Anadolu ve Transkafkasya’da asıl mezalimin Ermeniler tarafından yapıldığını ortaya koymaktadır.Öğe Beyond tourism and taxes: The ecomuseum and social development in the Ak-Chin tribal community(Taylor & Francis, 2019-03-26) Doğan, Mustafa; Timothy, Dallen J.Ecomuseums, which reflect the heritage of places, can be an important model for advancing the relationship between tourism, heritage, and local development. This paper examines the relationship between an ecomuseum and development in the context of the Ak-Chin Him-Dak Ecomuseum in Arizona, the only officially designated ecomuseum in the United States. Based on a case study approach, the study indicates that the Ak-Chin Him-Dak Ecomuseum has several features that differentiate it from many other ecomuseums around the world. Unlike some other examples, the Ak-Chin Him-Dak Ecomuseum’s primary aim is to ensure cultural revitalization and social development based on the native tribe’s unique needs. The relationship with tourism is limited, and utilizing the ecomuseum as an economic driver was not a consideration. In this case, the ecomuseum was conceived as an educational tool to aid residents in rediscovering their unique heritage, preserving elements of the past that are on the verge of disappearing, and advancing the social wellbeing of the community.Öğe Ecological ideals, sustainable tourism and the heritage concept of an eco-village: The case of Arcosanti, USA(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2019) Doğan, MustafaArcosanti in Arizona, USA, is a yet-to-be completed ecological settlement which reflects the major ideas of Paolo Soleri, an Italian architect and philosopher, on an alternative type of city. Based on field research using interviews, participatory observation and the survey method it examines the relationship between tourism and eco-settlements, using Arcosanti as a case study, in order to discuss current approaches to sustainable tourism and to examine visitor profiles, perceptions, and attitudes. The data indicates that ecological settlements such as Arcosanti can be an attractive tourist destination and it is clear that although Arcosanti had started life as an urban experiment based on ecological and alternative ideas, today it is a place that attracts many visitors. Regardless of whether Arcosanti can be categorized as an eco-village or eco-city, its valuable attractiveness results from Paolo Soleri and his tangible/intangible heritage that contributes an income via sustainable tourism. The study concludes that Arcosanti is an excellent case which offers the promise that ecological settlements can have significant potential for sustainable tourism.Öğe Financial comparison of the Kyoto Protocol obligations and the natural disaster losses(Batman Üniversitesi, 2017) Batan, Murat; Toprak, Zeynel FuatThe global climate change (GCC) has occupied the world’s attention in the last few decades. It has serious impacts on all aspects of the life (i.e. ecology, energy, global economy, etc.)It directed the scientists, politicians and non-governmental civil society organizations towards adaptation, mitigation and combat with the problem. It has signed for this purpose both United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol (KP) have been signed in 1992 and 1997, respectively. In this study, by considering a mediumterm target, the impact percentage of the USA on global climate change is projected approximately as 20% for the year 2030. In this content, the financial obligations due to Kyoto Protocol of USA with the cost of natural disasters on USA economy is compared. In this comparison, It has been considered only financial damages of natural disasters. It has not considered the human deaths. As a result, if USA approve the protocol and fulfill the financial obligations arising from Kyoto Protocol; it can reached to conclude that USA will have more profits on the long run.Öğe Ecological ideals, sustainable tourism and the heritage concept of an eco-village: the case of Arcosanti, USA(Taylor & Francis, 2019-07-04) Doğan, MustafaArcosanti in Arizona, USA, is a yet-to-be completed ecological settlement which reflects the major ideas of Paolo Soleri, an Italian architect and philosopher, on an alternative type of city. Based on field research using interviews, participatory observation and the survey method it examines the relationship between tourism and eco-settlements, using Arcosanti as a case study, in order to discuss current approaches to sustainable tourism and to examine visitor profiles, perceptions, and attitudes. The data indicates that ecological settlements such as Arcosanti can be an attractive tourist destination and it is clear that although Arcosanti had started life as an urban experiment based on ecological and alternative ideas, today it is a place that attracts many visitors. Regardless of whether Arcosanti can be categorized as an eco-village or eco-city, its valuable attractiveness results from Paolo Soleri and his tangible/intangible heritage that contributes an income via sustainable tourism. The study concludes that Arcosanti is an excellent case which offers the promise that ecological settlements can have significant potential for sustainable tourism.
