Koleksiyon toplanmasından müze yapılarına geçiş aşamaları ve ilk müze okulu (İzzediniye) açma girişimi
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2020-06-25
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
The Journal of International Lingual, Social and Educational Sciences
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
İnsanoğlu, erken tarihlerden itibaren önemli eşyaları toplama ve saklama ihtiyacı içinde olmuştur. Eserlerin
toplanması, korunması ve halka sunulması koleksiyonculuk anlayışından müze anlayışına giden yolu açmıştır.
Neticede müzelerde yer alan hazineler de, aslında koleksiyonların ilk örnekleridir. Tarihte ortaçağ döneminde,
kiliseler birer “koleksiyoncu” iken yerini sonradan soylulara bırakmıştır. Asıl “müze koleksiyonu” kavramı da
Rönesans evresiyle önem kazanmıştır. 19.yüzyılda daha da önem kazanan ve bir çeşit “koleksiyon evi” olarak
görebileceğimiz müzeler, Osmanlı topraklarında da aynı ihtiyaçlardan doğmuştur. Bu yüzyıllarda doğan
Osmanlı müzeciliği, Osmanlı hükümeti tarafından “Müze-i Hümayun” adıyla anılmıştır. Osmanlı müzeciliğine
geçiş aşamaları da;artan ve çoğalan hazineleri toplama ve saklama gereksinimini karşılamaya yönelik
olmuştur. Sıra; bu müzelere ya da koleksiyon evlerine gerekli olacakdonanımlı elemanları yetiştirmeye
gelmiştir. Neticede, 1875’te Osmanlı padişahı tarafından onaylanan bir tezkere ile “müzecilik ve eski eserler
alanında uzman yetiştirmek” amacıyla bir müze okulu yani “Müzeyi Hümayun Mektebi-İzzediniye” açılması
planlanmıştır. Böylelikle kazı yapabilecek, eser toplayabilecek ve bunları koruyabilecek kişiler (bir çeşit
koleksiyoncu) yetişmiş olacaktır. Ancak bu okul, tüm çabalara rağmen eğitime başlayamamış ve sonrasında da
yerini “Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi”ne bırakmıştır.
Among the basic companents which are pioneering the advancement of archeolog science, people’s collection curisioty from past to present and the importance of the concepts such as developing collections are quite big. In the process of time, collections were showed to public and these collections were opened to public. In this way, the concepts of the museum museology were born. The first steps were taken for the museums with the collection of the collections. “Museums” are the institutions where cultural properties were collected and exhibited. Museums are places that are communed with the city and they reflect the things that belong to the city. The goal of archeology is to resurrect, but the goal of the museum is to give new life. It is probable to say about protomuseological concept in Ottoman. This concept coverrs the spoils of war or gathering equipments The arcitectural pieces, sculpteres and reliefs belonging to the old period were settle down on Alaaddin hill fortification walls of Konya. Thus, exposure and collection or promuseology were made. In the period of the third Ahmed, “Cebehane-i Amire” was restored and its name was turned into “Darü’l Esliha”. In this place, now, precious items are also showed/displayed. So, according to some people, “Darü’l Esliha” is also Pioneer of formal museums. In time, Aya Irini took over this task of hiding. In 1869, Works of art collected in Aya Irini were opened to visit with the name of “Muze-i Humayun”. After some time, because of expectations, the personnels who understand archeology and old artifacts were needed. In this context, it was decided to establis school named as “Izzediniye- Asar-ı Atika school-Muse-i Humayun school” or archeology school attached to “Muze-i Humayun”.
Among the basic companents which are pioneering the advancement of archeolog science, people’s collection curisioty from past to present and the importance of the concepts such as developing collections are quite big. In the process of time, collections were showed to public and these collections were opened to public. In this way, the concepts of the museum museology were born. The first steps were taken for the museums with the collection of the collections. “Museums” are the institutions where cultural properties were collected and exhibited. Museums are places that are communed with the city and they reflect the things that belong to the city. The goal of archeology is to resurrect, but the goal of the museum is to give new life. It is probable to say about protomuseological concept in Ottoman. This concept coverrs the spoils of war or gathering equipments The arcitectural pieces, sculpteres and reliefs belonging to the old period were settle down on Alaaddin hill fortification walls of Konya. Thus, exposure and collection or promuseology were made. In the period of the third Ahmed, “Cebehane-i Amire” was restored and its name was turned into “Darü’l Esliha”. In this place, now, precious items are also showed/displayed. So, according to some people, “Darü’l Esliha” is also Pioneer of formal museums. In time, Aya Irini took over this task of hiding. In 1869, Works of art collected in Aya Irini were opened to visit with the name of “Muze-i Humayun”. After some time, because of expectations, the personnels who understand archeology and old artifacts were needed. In this context, it was decided to establis school named as “Izzediniye- Asar-ı Atika school-Muse-i Humayun school” or archeology school attached to “Muze-i Humayun”.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Koleksiyon, Toplama, Müze, Müze-i Hümayun Mektebi, İzzediniye, Collection, Gathering, Museum
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
6
Sayı
1
Künye
Uzun Aydın, D. (2020). Koleksiyon toplanmasından müze yapılarına geçiş aşamaları ve ilk müze okulu (İzzediniye) açma girişimi. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 6(1), 82-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34137/jilses.730220
