Gerçekliğin yeni algısı, gerçeklik ve deepfake ilişkisinin sanatsal kuramlar bağlamında değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2023-01-23
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Modern toplumların ortaya çıkmasındaki en önemli etken sanayileşme ve beraberinde gelişen teknolojidir. Endüstri devriminin dünyada hızla makineleşmeye doğru ilerlemenin önünü açması, teknolojinin hayatın vazgeçilmez bir unsuru haline gelmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu teknolojik gelişmeler, bilgisayarın gündelik yaşamımızda yer almasını sağlamış ve yaşamın her alanında kolaylaştırıcı bir etki yaratmıştır. Hayatı kolaylaştırıcı bağlamında ortaya çıkan yapay zekâ tarafından üretilen görüntülerin, videoların, resimlerin ve sesin kesiştiği noktada yeni bir kavram olarak “Deepfake” karşımıza çıkıyor. “Deep Learning’’ ve ‘’Fake’’ terimlerinin birleşmesinden ortaya çıkan ve Türkçe karşılığı “derin sahte’’ olan “Deepfake’’, kötü amaçlı kullanılmaya uygun olabildiği durumların yanı sıra, sanat gibi alanlarda fayda sağlayabilecek çalışmalar olarak görünüyor.
Tarih boyunca sanat; çağın gelişmişlik düzeyine, toplumsal yargılarına, üreticisinin kişilik ve ruhsal durumuna göre şekillenip ortaya çıkmıştır. Siyasal, kültürel, dini, ekonomik ve teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte sanat ve gerçeklik ilişkisi de sürekli olarak değişkenlik göstermiştir. Sanatçı, çağın değişen gerçeklikleri ile bilim ve teknolojideki gelişmelerle birlikte ürettiği eserinde, gerçekliğe yönelik sorgulama yapmaktadır. Sanatçı ürettiğiyle kendi ruhsal dünyasını oluşturmaya başlaması insanın en büyük realitesiydi. Bu realite insan tarafından üretilen teknoloji ve sanattı.
Bu çalışmada öncelikle “gerçeklik” kavramı ve bilgisayar tarafından üretilen sanat eserleri ile bu eserlerin ortaya koyduğu yeni gerçeklik olgusu üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. İkinci bölümünde gerçeklik kavramı incelenmiş ve bu kavramın çeşitli tanımlarına yer verilerek gerçekliğin yeni algısı, ‘gerçeklik’ ve ‘sanat’ ilişkisinin sanatsal kuramlar bağlamında tespitlerinin yapılarak farklı bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmeleri yapılmıştır. İkinci bölümde Yapay Zekâ’ın tanımı ve zaman içinde gelişimiyle birlikte ortaya çıkan Makine öğrenimi destekli çalışmalar ile Dijital Sanat Kavramı incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde deepfake teknolojisi ile üretilen sanat eserlerinin gerçekliğe nasıl bir müdahalede bulunduğu, sanat yapıcı, sanatçı ve izleyici bağlamında ortaya çıkan ‘deepfake’(derin sahte) olgusu karşısında derin sahtenin gerçek hayattan ve sahte gerçeklikten ayrılıp ayrılamadığı üzerinde değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.Dördüncü bölümde sanatçının konuya ilişkin kişisel çalışmalarına yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, Gerçeklik kavramı ve bilgisayar tarafından üretilen sanat eserleri ile bu eserlerin ortaya koyduğu yeni gerçeklik olgusuna ilişkin tespitler ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
The most important factor in the emergence of modern societies is industrialization and the developing technology. The fact that the industrial revolution paved the way for rapid progress towards mechanization in the world made it necessary for technology to become an indispensable element of life. These technological developments have enabled the computer to take place in our daily lives and have had a facilitating effect in all areas of life. “Deepfake” emerges as a new concept at the intersection of images, videos, pictures and sound produced by artificial intelligence, which emerged in the context of facilitating life. "Deepfake", which is a combination of the terms "Deep Learning" and "Fake" and which means "deep fake" in Turkish, is also visible as works that can be beneficial in fields such as art, as well as situations where it can be used for malicious purposes. Art throughout history; It has been shaped and emerged according to the development level of the age, social judgments, personality and mental state of the producer. Along with political, cultural, religious, economic and technological developments, the relationship between art and reality has also changed constantly. The artist questions reality in his work, which he produced with the changing realities of the age and the developments in science and technology. It was man's greatest reality that the artist began to create his own spiritual world with what he produced. This reality was human-made technology and art. In this study, he primarily focused on the concept of "reality" and computer-generated artworks and the new reality phenomenon revealed by these works. In the second part, the concept of reality was examined and various definitions of this concept were included, and the new perception of reality, the relationship between 'reality' and 'art' were determined in the context of artistic theories and evaluated from a different perspective. In the second part, the definition of Artificial Intelligence and the Machine learning supported studies that emerged with its development over time and the Concept of Digital Art were examined. In the third chapter, evaluations were made on how the artworks produced with deepfake technology interfere with reality, and whether the deep fake can be separated from real life and fake reality in the face of the 'deepfake' phenomenon that emerges in the context of art maker, artist and viewer. In the fourth chapter, the artist's personal works on the subject are included. In the last part of the study, determinations and evaluations were made about the concept of Reality and the artworks produced by the computer and the new reality phenomenon revealed by these works.
The most important factor in the emergence of modern societies is industrialization and the developing technology. The fact that the industrial revolution paved the way for rapid progress towards mechanization in the world made it necessary for technology to become an indispensable element of life. These technological developments have enabled the computer to take place in our daily lives and have had a facilitating effect in all areas of life. “Deepfake” emerges as a new concept at the intersection of images, videos, pictures and sound produced by artificial intelligence, which emerged in the context of facilitating life. "Deepfake", which is a combination of the terms "Deep Learning" and "Fake" and which means "deep fake" in Turkish, is also visible as works that can be beneficial in fields such as art, as well as situations where it can be used for malicious purposes. Art throughout history; It has been shaped and emerged according to the development level of the age, social judgments, personality and mental state of the producer. Along with political, cultural, religious, economic and technological developments, the relationship between art and reality has also changed constantly. The artist questions reality in his work, which he produced with the changing realities of the age and the developments in science and technology. It was man's greatest reality that the artist began to create his own spiritual world with what he produced. This reality was human-made technology and art. In this study, he primarily focused on the concept of "reality" and computer-generated artworks and the new reality phenomenon revealed by these works. In the second part, the concept of reality was examined and various definitions of this concept were included, and the new perception of reality, the relationship between 'reality' and 'art' were determined in the context of artistic theories and evaluated from a different perspective. In the second part, the definition of Artificial Intelligence and the Machine learning supported studies that emerged with its development over time and the Concept of Digital Art were examined. In the third chapter, evaluations were made on how the artworks produced with deepfake technology interfere with reality, and whether the deep fake can be separated from real life and fake reality in the face of the 'deepfake' phenomenon that emerges in the context of art maker, artist and viewer. In the fourth chapter, the artist's personal works on the subject are included. In the last part of the study, determinations and evaluations were made about the concept of Reality and the artworks produced by the computer and the new reality phenomenon revealed by these works.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Deepfake, Dijital Sanat, Gerçeklik, Yapay Zekâ, Digital Art, Reality, Artificial Intelligence
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Demirel, E. (2023). Gerçekliğin yeni algısı, gerçeklik ve deepfake ilişkisinin sanatsal kuramlar bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Batman.
