Yûsuf Halis Efendi’nin şiirlerinde vatan sevgisi
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Tarih
2020-02
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ISPEC Publishing
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
Vatan kavramı, genel anlamda insanın doğup büyüdüğü, hayatını idame ettiği, aynı millet ve dilden
insanların birlikte yaşadıkları toprak parçası olarak kullanılmaktadır. Osmanlı düşüncesinde homojen
bir millet mefhumunun söz konusu olmamasından dolayı vatan kavramıyla Osmanlı devletinin
hükmettiği tüm topraklar kastedilmiştir. Modern anlamda bir ulusun kimliğiyle bütünleşmiş, egemen bir
otoritenin hegemonyasındaki kara parçası anlamındaki vatan kavramı, Batı ulus-devlet fikrinin
Osmanlıya sirayetiyle, yani Tanzimat’ın ilanıyla ve Batı’yla etkileşime girmeyle ortaya çıkmıştır. Her
ne kadar Tanzimat’la ulusçuluk akımlarının etkisiyle Osmanlının 19. yüzyılda içine düştüğü çözülme
sürecinden kurtulması amaçlanmışsa da bu, pek mümkün olmamıştır. Zira 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı devletinin
içte ve dışta çok ciddi sıkıntılar yaşadığı bir yüzyıldır. Batı toplumu siyasî, sosyal edebî, ekonomik ve
askerî bakımdan Osmanlı devletinden üstün olmuş ve bu üstünlük Osmanlı tarafından da kabul
görülmüştür. Batı’nın askerî teknolojisi karşısında her geçen gün kan kaybeden ve dağılma sürecine
giren Osmanlı devleti, dağılmanın önüne geçmek için Batı ilmi ve fenninden yararlanmayı amaçlamış
ve bunun için de Avrupa’ya öğrenciler göndermiş; içte de bir dizi ıslahata giderek dağılmayı
engellemeye çalışmıştır. Ancak bütün bu çabalar, devletin çözülüşünü engellemediği gibi savaşlar ve
işgaller, millî duyarlılığa sahip dönemin aydınlarında derin yaralar açmıştır. Bâb-ı Ali Tercüme
Odası’nda mütercim olarak görev yapan ve Osmanlı aydınları içinde Fransızca bilen ilk isimlerden biri
olan Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi, bu acıyı en derin yaşayan şahsiyetlerden biridir. Kırım Savaşı boyunca kâleme
aldığı şiirlerde Osmanlı ordusunu morallen desteklemeye çalışmış, şiirlerinde millet ve vatan kavramına
büyük bir yer vermiştir. Denebilir ki Yûsuf Hâlis, klasik şiirde sevgilinin yurdu anlamına gelen vatan
kavramını, modern anlamda kullanarak uğrunda mücadele edilmesi gereken en yüce değer olarak
görmüş, vatanı uğrunda can verilmesi gereken bir ideal olarak konumlamıştır. Onun şiirlerinde vatan,
bayrak, hürriyet gibi değerler poetikasının da amacını oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle kâleme aldığı Vatan
Kasidesi, vatan sevgisinin en yoğun olarak görüldüğü manzumesidir.
Bu çalışmada vatan kavramı ele alınarak Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi’nin Vatan Kasidesi’nden hareketle şâirin
vatan kavramına yüklediği anlam ve vatan sevgisi teması irdelenecektir.
The concept of homeland is used as a part of the land in which human beings are born and raised, where they live their lives and where people from the same nation and language live together. Because of the absence of a homogeneous concept of the nation in Ottoman thought, the concept of homeland meant all the territories ruled by the Ottoman state. In the modern sense, the concept of homeland, which is a land piece in the hegemony of a sovereign authority, integrated with the identity of a nation, emerged with the infiltration of the idea of the Western nation-state to the Ottoman Empire, that is, the declaration of the Tanzimat and the interaction with the West. Because Tanzimat, with the nationalist movements in the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire fell into the process of disintegration. The 19th century is a century in which the Ottoman state suffered very seriously both inside and outside. Western society was superior to the Ottoman Empire in terms of political, social, literary, economic and military aspects and this superiority was accepted by the Ottoman Empire. In the face of the military technology of the West, the Ottoman state, which lost blood every day and entered the process of disintegration, aimed to benefit from Western science and science in order to prevent disintegration and sent students to Europe for this. and tried to prevent disintegration by going through a series of reforms. However, all these efforts did not prevent the dissolution of the state, and wars and occupations caused deep wounds in the intellectuals of the period. Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi, who worked as a translator in the Bâb-ı Ali Translation Room and spoke French among the Ottoman intellectuals, is one of the deepest people who experienced this pain. He tried to support the Ottoman army morale in the poems he wrote during the Crimean War, and he gave a great place to the concept of nation and homeland in his poems. It can be said that Yûsuf Hâlis saw the concept of homeland as the highest value to be struggled for, and positioned it as an ideal that should be given life for his homeland. In his poems, values such as homeland, flag, and freedom constitute the purpose of poetics. In this study, the concept of homeland will be taken into consideration and the meaning and meaning of the love of homeland which the poet has placed on the concept of homeland will be examined with the help of Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi's Ode of Vatan.
The concept of homeland is used as a part of the land in which human beings are born and raised, where they live their lives and where people from the same nation and language live together. Because of the absence of a homogeneous concept of the nation in Ottoman thought, the concept of homeland meant all the territories ruled by the Ottoman state. In the modern sense, the concept of homeland, which is a land piece in the hegemony of a sovereign authority, integrated with the identity of a nation, emerged with the infiltration of the idea of the Western nation-state to the Ottoman Empire, that is, the declaration of the Tanzimat and the interaction with the West. Because Tanzimat, with the nationalist movements in the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire fell into the process of disintegration. The 19th century is a century in which the Ottoman state suffered very seriously both inside and outside. Western society was superior to the Ottoman Empire in terms of political, social, literary, economic and military aspects and this superiority was accepted by the Ottoman Empire. In the face of the military technology of the West, the Ottoman state, which lost blood every day and entered the process of disintegration, aimed to benefit from Western science and science in order to prevent disintegration and sent students to Europe for this. and tried to prevent disintegration by going through a series of reforms. However, all these efforts did not prevent the dissolution of the state, and wars and occupations caused deep wounds in the intellectuals of the period. Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi, who worked as a translator in the Bâb-ı Ali Translation Room and spoke French among the Ottoman intellectuals, is one of the deepest people who experienced this pain. He tried to support the Ottoman army morale in the poems he wrote during the Crimean War, and he gave a great place to the concept of nation and homeland in his poems. It can be said that Yûsuf Hâlis saw the concept of homeland as the highest value to be struggled for, and positioned it as an ideal that should be given life for his homeland. In his poems, values such as homeland, flag, and freedom constitute the purpose of poetics. In this study, the concept of homeland will be taken into consideration and the meaning and meaning of the love of homeland which the poet has placed on the concept of homeland will be examined with the help of Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi's Ode of Vatan.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Vatan, Vatan Sevgisi, Yûsuf Hâlis Efendi, Vatan Kasidesi, Homeland, Patriotism, Ode Of Vatan
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Bozkurt, K. (2020). Yûsuf Halis Efendi’nin şiirlerinde vatan sevgisi. Atlas İnternatıonal Congress on Social Sciences 5, 07-08 February 2020, Diyarbakır
