Zerzevan Kalesi geç roma ve geç antik dönem mutfak kapları
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Tarih
2021-08-17
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Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
Zerzevan Kalesi, Diyarbakır’ın, Çınar ilçesine 13 km., uzaklıkta Demirölçek Köyü sınırları içesinde yer
alan askeri bir garnizondur. Kaledeki mevcut mimari kalıntılar ve kazı çalışmalarında ele geçen
buluntular incelediğinde MS 3 ve 7. Yüzyıllar arasında kalenin aktif bir şekilde kullanıldığını gösterir.
Büyük bir olasılıkla yerleşimin surları ve yapılarının Anastasios I (MS 491-518) ve Justinianos I (MS
527-565) döneminde onarımlardan geçtiği ve son halini aldığı düşünülmektedir. M.S. 639 yılında İslam
orduları tarafından bölgenin fethine kadar da yerleşim önemini korumuştur. 124 m yüksekliğinde kayalık
bir tepe üzerine kurulan kale, Roma ve Parth/Sasani mücadelelerine sahne olmuştur. 2014’te başlayan ve
kesintisiz devam eden kazılarda gözetleme kulesi, surlar, Mithraeum, yeraltı sığınağı, kilise, askeri ve
sivil konutlar, yeraltı ibadethanesi, sunaklar, kaya mezarları ve su kanalı gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Tez
kapsamında ele alınan seramik eserler “Zerzevan Kalesi Geç Roma ve Geç Antik Dönem Mutfak
Kapları” başlığı altında incelenmiştir. Değerlendirilmeye alınan seramik eserler 2015-2020 yılları arasını
kapsamaktadır. Zerzevan Kalesi kazılarında ele geçen eserlerin analojisi benzer örnekler üzerinden ve
buluntu kontekstine göre yapılmıştır. Tez kapsamında 82 seramik eser değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır.
Yapılan çalışmalar neticesinde 82 eserin 59’u Geç Roma, dördü Parth üretimli olduğu öngörülmektedir.
Bu örnekler dışında herhangi bir benzerine ulaşılamayan 17 örnek de mevcuttur. Bu örneklerin yerel veya
bölgesel olabileceği değerlendirilmiştir. Zerzevan Kalesi Kazılarında Geç Roma Dönemi ağırlıklı
seramikler hakimdir. Geç Roma Dönemi seramikleri ağırlıklı olarak MS 3 ve 7. Yüzyıllar arasına
tarihlenmektedir. Geç Roma örnekleri dışında Parth Dönemi’ni temsil eden örneklere de rastlanmıştır. Bu
örnekler daha çok MÖ 3 - MS 3. yüzyıllara arihlenir. En erken örnekler Geç Helenistik-Erken Roma
Dönemi, Geç Roma Dönemi örnekler ise MS 7 yüzyıllara kadar gitmektedir. Zerzevan Kalesi Kazılarında
Brittle Ware (Gevrek Mallar), Kuzey Suriye Amphoraları I, Phokaia Kımrızı Astarlı Seramikleri gibi
önemli mal gruplarına ait örneklere rastlanmıştır. Zerzevan Kalesi seramikleri Suriye, Levant, İran ve batı
etkileşimini yansıtmaktadır.
Zerzevan Castle is a military garrison located within the borders of Demirölçek Village, 13 km away from Çınar district of Diyarbakır. When the existing architectural remains in the castle and the findings obtained during excavations are examined, it shows that the castle was used actively between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD. It is believed that the walls and structures of the settlement were restorated during the reign of Anastasios I (491-518 AD) and Justinian I (527-565 AD) and took their final form. The settlement preserved its importance until the conquest of the region by the Islamic armies in 639 A.D. Built on a rocky hill 124 m high, the castle was the scene of Roman and Parthian/Sassanid struggles. During the excavations that started in 2014 and continued uninterruptedly, the watchtower, ramparts, Mithraeum, underground shelter, church, military and civilian residences, underground temple, altars, rock tombs and water canal were unearthed. The ceramic works discussed in the thesis were examined under the title of "Zerzevan Castle Late Roman and Late Ancient Period Kitchen Wares". Ceramic works taken into consideration cover the excavation session between 2015-2020. The analogy of the artifacts unearthed in the Zerzevan Castle excavations was made over similar examples and according to the context of the finds. 82 ceramic works were evaluated within the scope of the thesis. As a result of the studies, it is thought that 59 of 82 works were produced in Late Roman and , four of which are predicted to be of Parthian production. Apart from these examples, there are 17 samples that could not be able to identified. Late Roman Period ceramics are dominant in the Zerzevan Castle Excavations. Late Roman Period ceramics are mainly dated between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD. Apart from the Late Roman samples, samples representing the Parth Period were also found. These examples are mostly dated to the 3rd century BC and the 3rd century AD. The earliest examples date back to the Late Hellenistic-Early Roman Period, while the Late Roman Period Samples date back to 7th centuries AD. Examples of important ware groups such as Brittle Ware (Brittle Ware), North Syrian Amphora I, Phokaia Red Slip Ceramics were encountered during the Zerzevan Castle Excavations. Zerzevan Castle ceramics reflect the interaction of Syria, Levant, Iran and the west.
Zerzevan Castle is a military garrison located within the borders of Demirölçek Village, 13 km away from Çınar district of Diyarbakır. When the existing architectural remains in the castle and the findings obtained during excavations are examined, it shows that the castle was used actively between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD. It is believed that the walls and structures of the settlement were restorated during the reign of Anastasios I (491-518 AD) and Justinian I (527-565 AD) and took their final form. The settlement preserved its importance until the conquest of the region by the Islamic armies in 639 A.D. Built on a rocky hill 124 m high, the castle was the scene of Roman and Parthian/Sassanid struggles. During the excavations that started in 2014 and continued uninterruptedly, the watchtower, ramparts, Mithraeum, underground shelter, church, military and civilian residences, underground temple, altars, rock tombs and water canal were unearthed. The ceramic works discussed in the thesis were examined under the title of "Zerzevan Castle Late Roman and Late Ancient Period Kitchen Wares". Ceramic works taken into consideration cover the excavation session between 2015-2020. The analogy of the artifacts unearthed in the Zerzevan Castle excavations was made over similar examples and according to the context of the finds. 82 ceramic works were evaluated within the scope of the thesis. As a result of the studies, it is thought that 59 of 82 works were produced in Late Roman and , four of which are predicted to be of Parthian production. Apart from these examples, there are 17 samples that could not be able to identified. Late Roman Period ceramics are dominant in the Zerzevan Castle Excavations. Late Roman Period ceramics are mainly dated between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD. Apart from the Late Roman samples, samples representing the Parth Period were also found. These examples are mostly dated to the 3rd century BC and the 3rd century AD. The earliest examples date back to the Late Hellenistic-Early Roman Period, while the Late Roman Period Samples date back to 7th centuries AD. Examples of important ware groups such as Brittle Ware (Brittle Ware), North Syrian Amphora I, Phokaia Red Slip Ceramics were encountered during the Zerzevan Castle Excavations. Zerzevan Castle ceramics reflect the interaction of Syria, Levant, Iran and the west.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Zerzevan Kalesi, Geç Roma, Parth, Geç Antik, Mutfak Kapları, Seramik, Zerzevan Castle, Late Roman, Late Antiquity, Kitchenware, Ceramic
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Ayus, Ş. (2021). Zerzevan Kalesi geç roma ve geç antik dönem mutfak kapları. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Batman.
