Olcaytu Han’ın Gilan seferi (1306-1307)
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Tarih
2019-08-23
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Tarih ve Gelecek Dergisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
XIII. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde dünya dengelerini alt üst eden yeni bir güç ortaya çıktı. Bu
güç Cengiz Han önderliğinde yirmi yıl gibi çok kısa bir zaman diliminde büyük bir imparatorluğa
dönüşen Moğollardı. Cengiz Han sıkı bir disiplin altında güçlendirdiği orduları ile çevre kabileleri
hâkimiyet altına aldıktan sonra 1206 da kağan ilan edildi. Böylece Yakındoğu için kasırgaya dönüşecek rüzgâr Karakurum’dan esmeye başladı. 1227 tarihinde Cengiz Han öldüğünde çocuklarına
sınırları Çin’den Harezm ve Kırım’a kadar uzanan devasa bir imparatorluk bıraktı.
1251 tarihinde Moğol kuvvetleri Yakın Doğu üzerine tekrar harekete geçti. Bu kuvvetlerin liderliğini yapan Hülagü Han, 1256 tarihinde Alamut Kalesi’ni teslim alarak Tebriz merkezli
İlhanlı Devleti’ni kurdu. Ardından 10 Şubat 1258 tarihinde Abbasi Devleti’nin merkezi Bağdat’ı
aldı. Böylece Gilan Bölgesi hariç bütün İran, Azerbaycan ve Irak-ı Acem topraklarında Moğol
hâkimiyeti kuruldu.
İlhanlı Devleti için oldukça stratejik bir bölge olmasına rağmen 1256 tarihinden Olcaytu Han
(1304-1312) devrine kadar hiçbir İlhanlı hükümdarı Gilan bölgesini istilaya girişmedi. Bu çalışmada İlhanlı tarihinde bir ilk olan Gilan bölgesine yapılan askeri harekâtın sebep ve sonuçları ele
alındı.
A new power emerged that exterminate world balances in the first quarter of the 13th century. This power was the Mongols, which were transformed into a great empire in a very short period of time under the leadership of Genghis Khan for twenty years. Genghis Khan was declared as khan in 1206 after taking under the control of the surrounding tribes with his armies strengthened under strict discipline. Thus, the wind that will turn into a hurricane for the Near East began to blow from Karakurum. When Genghis Khan died in 1227, he left his children with a gigantic empire from China to Khwarezm and the Crimea. In 1251, the Mongol forces again mobilized on the Near East. Hülagü Khan, the leader of these forces, took over the Alamut Fortress in 1256 and founded the Ilkhani State based in Tabriz. Then, the center of the Abbasid State took over Baghdad on 10 February 1258. Thus, Mongolian rule was established in all Iran, Azerbaijan and Iraq-i Acem territories except Gilan region. Although it was a very strategic region for the Ilhanli State, no Ilhanid ruler did invade the region of Gilan from 1256 until the reign of Olcaytu Khan (1304-1312). In this study, the causes and results of military operations against Gilan region, which is a first in the history of Ilhanlı, were discussed.
A new power emerged that exterminate world balances in the first quarter of the 13th century. This power was the Mongols, which were transformed into a great empire in a very short period of time under the leadership of Genghis Khan for twenty years. Genghis Khan was declared as khan in 1206 after taking under the control of the surrounding tribes with his armies strengthened under strict discipline. Thus, the wind that will turn into a hurricane for the Near East began to blow from Karakurum. When Genghis Khan died in 1227, he left his children with a gigantic empire from China to Khwarezm and the Crimea. In 1251, the Mongol forces again mobilized on the Near East. Hülagü Khan, the leader of these forces, took over the Alamut Fortress in 1256 and founded the Ilkhani State based in Tabriz. Then, the center of the Abbasid State took over Baghdad on 10 February 1258. Thus, Mongolian rule was established in all Iran, Azerbaijan and Iraq-i Acem territories except Gilan region. Although it was a very strategic region for the Ilhanli State, no Ilhanid ruler did invade the region of Gilan from 1256 until the reign of Olcaytu Khan (1304-1312). In this study, the causes and results of military operations against Gilan region, which is a first in the history of Ilhanlı, were discussed.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gilan, Olcaytu, İlhanlı, Kutluğşah, Öljeitu, İlkhanid
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
5
Sayı
2
Künye
Gördeğir, E. (2019). Olcaytu Han’ın Gilan seferi (1306-1307). Tarih ve Gelecek Dergisi, 5 (2), ss.335-343. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.21551/jhf.597518
