İmam Gazali ve İbn Cemaa’nın din eğitimi anlayışları
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Tarih
2018-12-30
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Batman Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
İslam dininin eğitim ve öğretim faaliyetleri üzerinde önemle durduğu görülmektedir. Nitekim Kur’an-ı Kerim’de “De ki:
Hiç bilenlerle bilmeyenler bir olur mu?” (Zümer/9) ve “Rabbim, ilmimi artır, de” (Taha/114) gibi ilme, ilim öğrenmeye, eğitimin
önemine işaret eden pek çok ayet bulunmaktadır. Hz. Peygamberin de eğitimin önemi ile ilgili pek çok hadisi bu durumu gözler
önüne sermektedir. Hz. Peygamberin ilk külliye niteliğinde olan ‘suffa’larda bizzat eğitim verdiği kaynaklarda yer almaktadır.1
Hicri 5. yüzyıla gelindiğinde ise bu dönemin İslam eğitim tarihinde bir dönüm noktası olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Bu
dönemde Büyük Selçuklu emiri Nizamülmülk’ün inşa ettirdiği medreselerle, medrese sayısında ciddi bir artış görülürken; İslam
dünyasında eğitim öğretim faaliyetleri daha düzenli bir hale gelmeye başlamıştır.2 Bu yüzyılda yaşamış ve kendisinden en çok
bahsedilen isimlerden olmuş kişi Gazali’dir. Eğitim, kelam, felsefe, fıkıh, ahlak gibi pek çok alanda eserler vermiştir. Bu
araştırmada Gazali’nin eğitim alanında verdiği eseri (Eyyühel Veled) ve düşünceleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
İbn Cemaa İslam eğitim tarihi içerisinde önem arz eden bir diğer eğitimcidir. Kendisi H.8 asırda Kahire’de yaşamıştır.
İbn Cemaa’nın eğitim alanında yazdığı eseri Tezkiretü’s Sami’ vel Mütekellim fi edebi’l âlim ve’l Müteallim’dir. Bu eser eğitim -
öğretim alanında kendi zamanına kadar yazılmış en derli toplu kaynak olarak belirtilmektedir. Bu çalışmada aralarında yaklaşık üç
asırlık bir dönem bulunan İmam Gazali ve İbn Cemaa’nın kendi dönemlerindeki din eğitim anlayışları, benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları
incelenecek, böylece din eğitiminde ilk dönem eğitimcilerinden diyebileceğimiz bu düşünürlerin eserleri ve görüşleri, zamanın
değişimiyle eğitim metot ve düşüncelerinde herhangi bir değişikliğin meydana gelip gelmediği değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
It is seen that Islamic religion emphasizes education and training activities. Thus, there are many verses in Quran that point to learning, knowledge, and the importance of education such as "Are those who know equal to those who do not know?" (Az-Zumar/9) and "My Lord, increase me in knowledge." (Taha/114). Many hadiths of the Prophet about the importance of education has also revealed this situation. It is appeared in the sources that the Prophet gave education in the "suffas" which are the initial places with a characteristic of Islamic complex.3 By the fifth century, it is accepted that this period was a turning point in the history of Islamic education. In this period, while a significant increase in the number of madrasas because of the madrasas built by the Great Seljuk Emir Nizamulmulk; Education activities in the Islamic world became more regular.4Ghazali is the one who lived in this century and was one of the most mentioned names. He has given written works in many fields such as education, kalam, philosophy, jurisprudence, and morality. This study will focus on the work of Ghazali in his field of study (Eyyühel Veled) and his thoughts. Ibn Cemaa is another educator who is important in the history of Islamic education. He lived in Cairo in the 8th century. Ibn Cemaa's work which written in the field of education is Tezkiretü’s Sami’ vel Mütekellim fi edebi’l âlim ve’l Müteallim. This work is mentioned in the field of education as the most orderly source written up to its time. In this study, Imam Ghazali’s and Ibn Cemaa’s, who have been lived with the three centuries of time difference, religious education concepts, similarities and differences will be examined in their own times, thus, it will be tried to evaluate the works and opinions of these thinkers who can be called as the first period educators in Religious Education, and whether any changes in educational methods and thoughts occur with the change of time.
It is seen that Islamic religion emphasizes education and training activities. Thus, there are many verses in Quran that point to learning, knowledge, and the importance of education such as "Are those who know equal to those who do not know?" (Az-Zumar/9) and "My Lord, increase me in knowledge." (Taha/114). Many hadiths of the Prophet about the importance of education has also revealed this situation. It is appeared in the sources that the Prophet gave education in the "suffas" which are the initial places with a characteristic of Islamic complex.3 By the fifth century, it is accepted that this period was a turning point in the history of Islamic education. In this period, while a significant increase in the number of madrasas because of the madrasas built by the Great Seljuk Emir Nizamulmulk; Education activities in the Islamic world became more regular.4Ghazali is the one who lived in this century and was one of the most mentioned names. He has given written works in many fields such as education, kalam, philosophy, jurisprudence, and morality. This study will focus on the work of Ghazali in his field of study (Eyyühel Veled) and his thoughts. Ibn Cemaa is another educator who is important in the history of Islamic education. He lived in Cairo in the 8th century. Ibn Cemaa's work which written in the field of education is Tezkiretü’s Sami’ vel Mütekellim fi edebi’l âlim ve’l Müteallim. This work is mentioned in the field of education as the most orderly source written up to its time. In this study, Imam Ghazali’s and Ibn Cemaa’s, who have been lived with the three centuries of time difference, religious education concepts, similarities and differences will be examined in their own times, thus, it will be tried to evaluate the works and opinions of these thinkers who can be called as the first period educators in Religious Education, and whether any changes in educational methods and thoughts occur with the change of time.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İmam Gazali, İbn Cemaa, Eyyühel Veled, Tezkiretü’s Sami’ vel Mütekellim fi Edebi’l Alim ve’l Müteallim, Din Eğitimi, Imam Ghazali, Ibn Cemaa, Religious Education
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
2
Sayı
2
Künye
Ekici, K. K., (2018). İmam Gazali ve İbn Cemaa’nın din eğitimi anlayışları. Batman Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Hakemli Dergisi, 2 (2), 92-100.
