Farklı faz değiştiren malzemelerle kaplanmış güneş panelinin soğutulması ve enerji üretiminde verimlilik farkının incelenmesi
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Tarih
2022-09-26
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Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışması; Batman ili iklim şartlarında birbirinden farklı faz değiştiren malzemeler kullanılarak 110 W Monokristal güneş paneli üzerindeki ısı ve verim hesaplamalarının deneysel karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Batman üniversitesi Batı Raman Kampüsünde kurulan deney düzeneği farklı gün ve saat aralıklarıyla sıcaklık miktarlarının ve FDM’lerin (faz değiştiren malzemelerin) güneş panelinden elde edilen enerji miktarına etki eden parametreler deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Güneş radyasyonu, panel sıcaklıkları ve ortam sıcaklığı ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda panel üzerindeki verim hareketliliği incelenmiştir. 3 panelin arka yüzeyine montajlanan cam muhafaza içerisine eklenmiş üç farklı FDM malzemesi ile FV sistem soğutulmuştur. Her üç fotovoltaik panelin, arka yüzeyine ayrı ayrı FDM çeşitleri eklenmiştir. Parafin, Yağ Asidi ve Tuz Hidrat FDM’leri eklenerek soğutma yapılmıştır. Bir adet fotovoltaik paneli de ortam koşullarında bulunan bir panelin durumunu gözlemlemek ve referans olarak almak için olarak boş bırakılmıştır. Panel yüzeyine yerleştirilen üç farklı yüzey sıcaklıkları, ortam sıcaklığı ve giriş çıkış sıcaklıkları alınmış ve zamana bağlı olarak oluşan güç, akım ve volt değerleri kaydedilmiştir. Deney düzeneğinde kullanılan tüm panellerin maksimum güç oranları hesaplanmıştır. Deney analizleri sonucunda; Parafin kullanılan panelde %11,34, Tuz Hidrat kullanılan panelde %17,22, Yağ Asidi kullanılan panelde ise %30 güç üretimi fazlalığı bulunmuştur. Her üç panel de aynı özelliklere sahip olmasına rağmen oluşan farklılıklar deney sonucunda etkisini göstermiştir. Hesaplamalar sonucunda elektriksel verimin her panelde farklılık gösterdiği ölçülmüştür. FDM’ler eklenmeden önce elde edilen verilere göre; Parafin kullanılan panelin elektriksel verimi %9,2 iken parafin eklendikten sonra %9,7 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Tuz Hidrat kullanılan panelin elektriksel verimi %8,4 iken Tuz Hidrat eklendikten sonra elektriksel verimi %9,4 ve Yağ Asidi kullanılan panelin elektriksel verimi %6,6 iken Yağ Asidi eklendikten sonra elektriksel verimi %8,1 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan deneyde soğutma yapılan Parafin kaplı güneş panelinde 16℃, Tuz Hidrat kaplı panelde 11℃, Yağ Asidi ile kaplanmış panelde ise 13℃ sıcaklık farkı ölçülmüştür. Deneylerin sonucunda güneş panellerinde meydana gelen ortalama sıcaklık farkı en yüksek Yağ Asidi FDM’si ile 4. güneş panelinde 13℃ miktarda olmuştur. Farklı FDM’ler ile kaplı olan üç güneş panelinin de anlık ve günlük ortalama verim değerlerini arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ortalama en yüksek verim değerlerine bakıldığında; %30 güç artışı ile Yağ Asidi FDM olduğu görülmüştür.
This thesis work; An experimental comparison of the heat and efficiency calculations on the 110 W Monocrystalline solar panel was made by using different phase-changing materials in the climatic conditions of Batman province. The experimental setup established in Batman University West Raman Campus, the temperature amounts and the parameters affecting the energy amount obtained from the solar panel of FDMs (phase-change materials) were investigated experimentally at different day and hour intervals. Solar radiation, panel temperatures and ambient temperature were measured. The results of the analysis of the obtained findings were examined in terms of yield mobility on the panel. The PV system is cooled with three different PCM materials added to the glass enclosure mounted on the back surface of the 3 panels. Separate PCM variants have been added to the back surface of each of the three photovoltaic panels. Paraffin, Fatty Acid and Salt Hydrate PCMs were added and cooling was done. For a photovoltaic panel, it is left blank to observe the status of a panel in ambient conditions and to take a reference. Three different surface temperatures, ambient temperature and input and output temperatures placed on the panel surface were taken and the power, current and volt values that occurred depending on time were recorded. The maximum power ratios of all panels used in the experimental setup were calculated. As a result of the experimental analysis; A power production excess of 11.34% was found in the panel using paraffin, 17.22% in the panel using Salt Hydrate, and 30% in the panel using Fatty Acid. Although all three panels have the same characteristics, the differences have shown their effect as a result of the experiment. As a result of the calculations, it was measured that the electrical efficiency differs in each panel. According to the data obtained before adding FDMs; While the electrical efficiency of the panel using paraffin was 9.2%, it was calculated as 9.7% after adding paraffin. While the electrical efficiency of the panel using Salt Hydrate was 8.4%, the electrical efficiency of the panel using Salt Hydrate was 9.4% and the electrical efficiency of the panel using Fatty Acid was 6.6%, while the electrical efficiency was 8.1% after adding Fatty Acid. In the experiment, the temperature difference was measured at 16°C on the Paraffin coated solar panel, 11°C on the Salt Hydrate coated panel, and 13°C on the Fatty Acid coated panel. As a result of the experiments, the average temperature difference in the solar panels was 13℃ in the 4th solar panel with the highest Fatty Acid PCM. It has been observed that the three solar panels covered with different PCMs increase the instantaneous and daily average efficiency values. Considering the average highest yield values; Fatty Acid PCM was observed with 30% power increase.
This thesis work; An experimental comparison of the heat and efficiency calculations on the 110 W Monocrystalline solar panel was made by using different phase-changing materials in the climatic conditions of Batman province. The experimental setup established in Batman University West Raman Campus, the temperature amounts and the parameters affecting the energy amount obtained from the solar panel of FDMs (phase-change materials) were investigated experimentally at different day and hour intervals. Solar radiation, panel temperatures and ambient temperature were measured. The results of the analysis of the obtained findings were examined in terms of yield mobility on the panel. The PV system is cooled with three different PCM materials added to the glass enclosure mounted on the back surface of the 3 panels. Separate PCM variants have been added to the back surface of each of the three photovoltaic panels. Paraffin, Fatty Acid and Salt Hydrate PCMs were added and cooling was done. For a photovoltaic panel, it is left blank to observe the status of a panel in ambient conditions and to take a reference. Three different surface temperatures, ambient temperature and input and output temperatures placed on the panel surface were taken and the power, current and volt values that occurred depending on time were recorded. The maximum power ratios of all panels used in the experimental setup were calculated. As a result of the experimental analysis; A power production excess of 11.34% was found in the panel using paraffin, 17.22% in the panel using Salt Hydrate, and 30% in the panel using Fatty Acid. Although all three panels have the same characteristics, the differences have shown their effect as a result of the experiment. As a result of the calculations, it was measured that the electrical efficiency differs in each panel. According to the data obtained before adding FDMs; While the electrical efficiency of the panel using paraffin was 9.2%, it was calculated as 9.7% after adding paraffin. While the electrical efficiency of the panel using Salt Hydrate was 8.4%, the electrical efficiency of the panel using Salt Hydrate was 9.4% and the electrical efficiency of the panel using Fatty Acid was 6.6%, while the electrical efficiency was 8.1% after adding Fatty Acid. In the experiment, the temperature difference was measured at 16°C on the Paraffin coated solar panel, 11°C on the Salt Hydrate coated panel, and 13°C on the Fatty Acid coated panel. As a result of the experiments, the average temperature difference in the solar panels was 13℃ in the 4th solar panel with the highest Fatty Acid PCM. It has been observed that the three solar panels covered with different PCMs increase the instantaneous and daily average efficiency values. Considering the average highest yield values; Fatty Acid PCM was observed with 30% power increase.
Açıklama
Bu tez çalışması Batman Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Projeleri (BAP) tarafından BTÜBAP-2021-YL-06 nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Faz Değiştiren Madde (FDM), FV Sistemler, Güneş Enerjisi, Isıl Verim, Parafin, Yağ Asitleri, Fatty Acids, Paraffin, Phase Change Material (PCM), PV Systems, Solar Systems, Thermal Efficiency
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
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Sayı
Künye
Uğur, Z. (2022). Farklı faz değiştiren malzemelerle kaplanmış güneş panelinin soğutulması ve enerji üretiminde verimlilik farkının incelenmesi. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Batman.