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Öğe Electroanalytical investigation of antineoplastic drug vinorelbine at pencil graphite electrode in surfactant media(Turkish Chemical Society, 2019) Önal, Günay; Levent, Abdulkadir; Şentürk, ZühreVinorelbine (sold under the brand name Navelbine), one of the semisynthetic derivatives of Vinca alkaloids, has been widely used either alone or in combination with other drugs in the tre- atment of leukemia, lymphoma, advanced testicular cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma. From the electrochemical point of view, only one study that was quite old has been reported on its voltammetric characteris- tics so far (Brett et al.). Keeping the above knowledge in mind, in the present study, a novel application of single-use pencil graphite (PG) electrode is introduced for the determination of Vinorelbine. The electrochemical oxidation of this compound was first investigated by cyclic voltammetry in aqueous solutions. Special attention was given to the use of adsorptive stripping vol- tammetry at a surface of PG electrode and glassy carbon (GC) one (for comparison purpose) in aqueous solutions over the pH range of 2.0-12.0 both without and with the addition of different charged surfactants. The sensitivity of the stripping voltammet- ric measurements was significantly improved when the anionic (sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS) and cationic (tetra-n-butylammo- nium bromide, TBAB) surfactants were present in the Vinorelbi- ne-containing electrolyte solution at pH 2.0-4.0 and pH 9.0-10.0, respectively, by using PG electrode. Using square-wave stripping mode, Vinorelbine yielded a well-defined voltammetric response in Britton-Robinson buffer pH 10.0 containing 3×10−3 M TBAB at +0.75 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) (after 120 s accumulation at +0.0 V). The process could be used to determine this compound in the concentration range of 2.3×10−8 – 5.8×10−6 M, with a detection limit of 7.5×10−9 M (base-5.8 ng mL1−). The proposed method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulations and the spiked human urine samples.Öğe Determination of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in orally treated rats by high-performance liquid chromatography and transfer stripping voltammetry(Bentham, 2012-06) Yardım, Yavuz; Levent, Abdulkadir; Ekin, Suat; Keskin, Ertuğrul; Oto, Gökhan; Şentürk, ZühreA number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been shown to be toxicants, and induce carcinogenic and immunotoxic effects. As a model PAH agent, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) was the strongest one tested in terms of its biological activities and biotransformation. A new and simple high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with diode-array detection at 290 nm was developed and validated for monitoring of DMBA in different matrices (serum, liver and kidney) of rats orally treated with DMBA. Furthermore, the applicability of adsorptive transfer stripping voltammetry (AdTSV) on the pencil-lead graphite electrode to these samples was illustrated using our previously reported data for bulk aqueous solutions of DMBA. HPLC and AdTSV methods, which were compatible with each other, allowed DMBA to be detected down to the levels of 3.82x10-9 M (0.98 ppb) and 6.73x10-9 M (1.73 ppb), respectively. Olive oil solutions of DMBA in dose 50 mg/kg were orally administered. 60 days after a single dose of DMBA, its concentrations in these biological samples from rats were measured by means of both methods. Because of rapid biotransformation, DMBA could not be detected in serum. Only low levels of the compounds were deposited unchanged in kidney whereas its levels were considerably higher in liver. These methods were also applied to the assay whether there is an influence of the intake of aqueous extracts of Hypericum Perforatum L. plant on the parent DMBA levels accumulated in rat tissues.
