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Öğe Fuel properties of biodiesels produced from blends of canola oil and animal tallow(SILA SCIENCE, 2011-04) Adin, Hamit; Altun, Şehmus; Yaşar, FevziBiodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel that can be produced from renewable feedstocks such as vegetable oil or animal fats by transesterification with methanol for using in diesel engines. The viscosity and density of biodiesel fuels are important parameters due to being key fuel properties for injection and combustion process of diesel engines. These fuel properties mainly depend on the feedstock which is used in the biodiesel production. Also, lubricity is an important for diesel engine fuels due to the fuel injection systems are lubricated by the fuel itself. In this study, the blends containing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of food-grade canola oil/inedible animal tallow in volume basis were prepared and converted into methyl esters by base-catalyzed transesterification. Effect of canola oil ration in the feedstock on the viscosity, density and lubricity were investigated. Lubricity was determined using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) test. Experimental results showed that the kinematics viscosity of increased as animal tallow ratio increased in the feedstock, as animal tallow itself is more viscous than canola oil. Also, density did not change much when blended feedstocks were used. Besides, it was observed that lubricity of biodiesel fuels from blended feedstocks was slightly get worse compared with pure biodiesels.Öğe Biodiesel production from raw cottonseed oil and its performance in a diesel engine(Technology, 2011) Adin, Hamit; Yaşar, Fevzi; Öner, Cengiz; Altun, ŞehmusIn this experimental work, raw cottonseed oil was converted by KOH-catalyzed transesterification reaction with methyl alcohol to the cottonseed oil methyl ester (biodiesel) and then tested in a single cylinder, four strokes and direct injection diesel engine at the constant engine speed (2000 rpm) under different engine loads. The composition and the fuel-related properties of produced biodiesel were determined by using gas chromatography (GC) and related instruments. An increase in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and decrease in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for fuel blends were observed compared with diesel fuel. Compared with diesel fuel, exhaust emissions were found to be lower in carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxides and smoke with the use of fuel blends. It was concluded that cottonseed oil methyl esterdiesel fuel blends could be substituted for the diesel fuel without any modifications in diesel engines, with better environmental characteristics of fuel blends.
