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Öğe Investigation of plasma arc cutting parameters with type-2 fuzzy set and system(De Gruyter, 2013-10) Çelik, Yahya Hışman; Özek, Cebeli; Bulut Özek, MüzeyyenThe objective of the present study was it to design a type-2 fuzzy set and system in order to predict surface roughness and hardness depending on the parameters (material thickness, cutting speed, arc voltage and current) of the plasma arc cutting process of S235JR sheet materials. Therefore, some experimental studies were conducted. The experimentally determined data were used to describe the type-2 fuzzy set and system. Type-2 fuzzy set and system was found to be usefull to predict surface roughnes and hardness. According to the obtained values, the best surface roughness and the values closest to the hardness of the raw material were obtained at 1500 mm/min cutting speed, 8 mm material thickness, 115 V arc voltage and 80 A current.Öğe Mathematical modelling and optimization of cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness by using artificial neural network and response surface methodology in milling of Ti-6242S(Applied Sciences-Basel, 2017-10-15) Çelik, Yahya Hışman; Kılıçkap, Erol; Yardımeden, AhmetIn this paper, an experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of different cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear in the milling of Ti-6242S alloy using the cemented carbide (WC) end mills with a 10 mm diameter. Data obtained from experiments were defined both Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). ANN trained network using Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and weights were trained. On the other hand, the mathematical models in RSM were created applying Box Behnken design. Values obtained from the ANN and the RSM was found to be very close to the data obtained from experimental studies. The lowest cutting force and surface roughness were obtained at high cutting speeds and low feed rate and depth of cut. The minimum tool wear was obtained at low cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut.Öğe Exhaust emissions of methanol and ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends in a spark ignition engine(VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 2013) Altun, Şehmus; Öztop, Hakan Fehmi; Öner, Cengiz; Varol, YasinIn this study, the effect of unleaded gasoline and unleaded gasoline blended with 5% and 10% of ethanol or methanol on the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark-ignition engine were experimentally investigated. The engine tests were performed by varying the engine speed between 1000 and 4000 rpm with 500 rpm period at three-fourth throttle opening position. The results showed that brake specific fuel consumption increased while brake thermal efficiency, emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon decreased with methanol-unleaded gasoline and ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends. It was found that a 10% blend of ethanol or methanol with unleaded gasoline works well in the existing design of engine and parameters at which engines are operating.Öğe The flexural fatigue behavior of honeycomb sandwich composites following low velocity impacts(MDPI, 2020-01-13) Topkaya, Tolga; Solmaz, Murat YavuzThis study experimentally investigated the flexural fatigue behaviors of honeycomb sandwich composites subjected to low velocity impact damage by considering the type and thickness of the face sheet material, the cell size and the core height parameters. Carbon-fiber reinforced composite and the aluminum alloy was used as the face sheet material. First, the static strength of undamaged and damaged specimens was determined by three-point bending loads. Secondly, the fatigue behaviors of the damaged and undamaged specimens were determined. Low velocity impact damage decreased the flexural strength and fatigue lives but increased the damping ratio for all specimens. Maximum damping ratio values were observed on specimens with a aluminum face sheet.Öğe Stress distribution in a femoral implant with and without bone cement and at different inclination angles(Materialpruefung/Materials Testing, 2018-04) Topkaya, Tolga; Solmaz, Murat Yavuz; Turgut, Aydın; Dündar, Serkan; Şanlıtürk, İsmail HakkıThe purpose of this study was to investigate numerically the effects of the inclination (collodiaphyseal) angle and bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate) filling on the stress distribution of human femurs and implants after the implementation of a partial endoprotez arthroplasty. Ti6Al4V, which is the most commonly used implant material, was choosen for this study. In the numerical study, solid models of implants and femurs were created using the SolidWorks 2010 package program, then stress analyses were carried out at five different inclination angles, 120°, 125°, 130°, 135° and 140°, with and without bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate), using the ANSYS Workbench 12.0 package program. The anteversion angle was assumed to be 12.5° for all models. As a result of the increase in the inclination angle and the addition of bone cement, it was determined that the stress values of the femurs and implants were reduced. Within the limitations of this study it has been shown that parameters like bone cement, anteversion angle, and an appropriate inclination angle should be tested previous to partial endoprosthesis arthroplasty surgery necessary as a result of damage to the human femur.Öğe Multivariate padé approximation for solving partial differential equations (PDE)(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011-07-30) Turut, Veyis; Çelik, Ercan; Yiğider, MuhammedIn this paper, numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) is considered by multivariate padé approximations. We applied these method to two examples. First, PDE has been converted to power series by two-dimensional differential transformation, Then the numerical solution of equation was put into multivariate padé series form. Thus, we obtained numerical solution of PDE.Öğe Calculating molding parameters in plastic injection molds with ANN and developing software(Taylor & Francis, 2012-02) Çelik, Yahya Hışman; Özek, CebeliIn recent years, plastic injection molds are widely used for producing products in various areas, such as aerospace, automotive, medical, electronics, and toys. The quality of these products depends on correctly chosen molding parameters. In this study, a new package program (NPP)-Software that calculates various injection molding parameters was developed to mold plastic products obtained by plastic injection molding techniques using the model of artificial neural network (ANN). The Delphi programming language was used in the develop the (NPP)-Software. The developed (NPP)-Software was trained and tested using the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm, the ANN. One-thousand three-hunderd pieces of data were collected, out of which 250 were used to train the network. The ANN is employed to find optimum molding parameters that enable minimum defects in the injection-molded part, such as volumetric shrinkage, injection time, and cooling time. The three parameters predicted, using the (NPP)-Software, were compared using experimental results.Öğe Organogels as novel carriers for dermal and topical drug delivery vehicles(Elsevier, 2016-11-24) Uzan, Serhat; Barış Cebe, Deniz; Çolak, Mehmet; Aydın, Haluk; Hoşgören, HalilAminoalcohol based bis-(aminoalcohol)oxalamides (BAOAs) (1,6-amino alcohol=leucinol, isoleucinol, valinol, phenylglycinol, phenylalaninol and 2-amino-1-butanol) have been explored to develop drug depot systems and illustrated as a novel dermal and topical drug delivery vehicle for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug molecules. FAE's (Fatty acid ethyl and isopropyl esters) with different chain lengths, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, ethyl palmitate, isopropyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, have been chosen as they are biocompatible organic fluids used typically in cosmetic industry. Ibuprofen (Ib), acting as a model drug, was entrapped in the supramolecular organogels. The release behavior of Ib molecules in the supramolecular organogels was investigated by using UV–vis spectroscopy. The influence of the organogelator and drug concentration, pH values of the accepting media, and nature of solvent (different FAE's) on the release behavior of Ib was investigated under static conditions. The results indicated that the release rate of Ib from the supramolecular organogels was effectively retarded with an increase of the organogelator concentration. Also, the release rates of Ib increased on increasing the Ib content. Furthermore, the release behavior of Ib was found to be different at various pH values in buffers as accepting media. The study of the release kinetics indicated that the release behavior of Ib was in accord with the Higuchi equation and the diffusion-controlled mechanism involved in the Fickian model. These observations indicate that bis-(aminoalcohol)oxalamides gels may act as delivery vehicles for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug molecules and also show that the release profiles for such systems can be fine-tuned by the correct choice of gelator-FAE combination.Öğe Effect of seawater on pin-loaded laminated composites(De Gruyter, 2018-01) Deniz, Mehmet Emin; Karakuzu, Ramazan; Kanlıoğlu, HalitThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seawater on bearing strength of glass-epoxy laminated composites. The ratio of the edge distance to pin diameter (E/D) was changed from 1 to 5 and that of the specimen width to pin diameter (W/D) was selected as 3 and 4 for this study. The hole of the specimen was subjected to a traction force induced by a pin. Laminated composite plates were manufactured at the Company Izoreel Composites. Tension tests were performed on pinned joint specimens with a stacking sequence of [0/90]3S. The specimens were immersed in seawater of the Aegean Sea having a salinity of about 3.5 wt.-% in a glass aquarium at laboratory for 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. For each period of immersion time, failure modes and maximum failure loads of the specimens were found experimentally. The maximum reduction of the bearing strength was obtained as 38% for E/D = 3 and W/D = 3 due to the seawater effect.Öğe Repair of an aluminum plate with an elliptical hole using a composite patch(Carl Hanser Verlag, 2018-11-15) Ergün, Raşit Koray; Adin, Hamit; Şişman, Abdullah; Temiz, ŞemsettinIn this paper, the stress on axially loaded metal sheets with elliptical holes reinforced by a double-sided composite patch was analysed. The metal sheets with elliptical holes were subjected to axial loading, although no load was applied along the edges of the holes. The central elliptical holes on the metal plates had different diameters. The overlap distance of composite patches, which were adhesively bonded on each side, was of varied lengths. Elasto-plastic stress analyses were examined by means of the finite element method (FEM). The experimental results were compared with numerical results and a convergence rate of 92 % was achieved.
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