Osmanlı’dan Erken Cumhuriyet’e kadın siyasal hareketi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Giresun Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
Türk siyasal tarihinin mühim motiflerinden biri olan kadın siyasal hareketi, Osmanlı’dan erken
Cumhuriyet’e geçiş aşamasında süreklilik babında değerlendirildiğinde önemli bir aşamayı kapsadığı
ifade edilebilir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinden itibaren sosyal hayatta yer almaya başlayan
kadınların siyasal hayattaki etkisi, Milli Mücadele döneminde ivme kazanmış ve Cumhuriyet döneminde
de gücünü artırmaya başlamıştır.
Bu çalışmada Nezide Muhittin ve arkadaşları tarafından kurulma girişimi olan Kadınlar Halk Fırkası’nın
sahip olduğu siyasal yelpazenin Türk siyasal hayatındaki kırılma noktalarını içermektedir. Kadınların
siyasal manada ortaya çıktığı bu dönem, giderek etkisini artırmış popülist bir yaklaşım içerisinde önce
belediye seçimlerinde akabinde muhtarlık seçimlerinde en sonda da 1934 yılındaki seçme ve seçimle
hakkına sahip olması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın önemli noktalarından biri de Türk kamuoyunun
kadınların siyasetteki mücadelesine olan yaklaşımı da içermektedir. Zira kadınların başlatmış olduğu bu
mücadele gerek Mustafa Kemal Atatürk tarafından gerekse yönünü Batıya çevirmiş Türk siyaseti
açısından kayda değerdir.
Bu çalışmanın genel amaçlarından biri de kadınların hak mücadelesinde eşitlik prensibini ön plana alarak
siyasal alanda örgütlenmesini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Zira siyasal örgütlenme açısından başarılı bir örnek olan
Türk kadınların siyasal hareketi, feminist bir çerçevesi içerisinde ele alınmalıydı. Çünkü kadınların
örgütlenme aşaması daha çok kadın kimliği üzerine kuruluydu. Bu açıdan bakıldığında kurulmuş olan
Türk Kadınlar Birliği de Türk kadınının siyasal, sosyal ve iktisadi haklarının sağlanması ve
geliştirilmesini kendisine amaç edinmiştir.
It could be said that the woman political movement as one of the significant motifs of the Turkish political history, covers an important phase, taking into account the continuity from the Ottomans to the Republic period. Having begun taking part in the social life as of the last stages of the Ottomans, the Turkish women’s impact on the political life gained momentum during the National Struggle/the War of Independence and kept increasing its power throughout the Republic. This work comprises the breaking points of what was an initiative to be established by Nezide Muhittin and her colleagues the Women People Party’s political spectrum in the Turkish political life. This period in which women emerged as a political figure is important because women in Turkey gained the right to elect and be elected initially at municipal elections, subsequently at the elections for Mukhtars (which are the elections at neighborhood and village levels) and finally at General Elections in 1934, which was the result of an ever increasing populist approach. One of the most important point of this work is also about the public opinion toward the women’s struggle in politics, since this struggle was very significant for the new western-oriented Turk politics spearheaded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Another goal of this work is to shed light on the Turkish women organizing in the political realm by prioritizing the equity in their struggle for the rights. The Turkish women’s political movement as a successful example in terms of forming political organizations, should have been addressed within a feminist framework, for women’s organization phase was mostly based on the identity of women. From that point of view, the Turkish Women Association as well takes as a goal to pursue the political, social and economic rights of the Turkish women.
It could be said that the woman political movement as one of the significant motifs of the Turkish political history, covers an important phase, taking into account the continuity from the Ottomans to the Republic period. Having begun taking part in the social life as of the last stages of the Ottomans, the Turkish women’s impact on the political life gained momentum during the National Struggle/the War of Independence and kept increasing its power throughout the Republic. This work comprises the breaking points of what was an initiative to be established by Nezide Muhittin and her colleagues the Women People Party’s political spectrum in the Turkish political life. This period in which women emerged as a political figure is important because women in Turkey gained the right to elect and be elected initially at municipal elections, subsequently at the elections for Mukhtars (which are the elections at neighborhood and village levels) and finally at General Elections in 1934, which was the result of an ever increasing populist approach. One of the most important point of this work is also about the public opinion toward the women’s struggle in politics, since this struggle was very significant for the new western-oriented Turk politics spearheaded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Another goal of this work is to shed light on the Turkish women organizing in the political realm by prioritizing the equity in their struggle for the rights. The Turkish women’s political movement as a successful example in terms of forming political organizations, should have been addressed within a feminist framework, for women’s organization phase was mostly based on the identity of women. From that point of view, the Turkish Women Association as well takes as a goal to pursue the political, social and economic rights of the Turkish women.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kadın, Siyaset, Mücadele, Cumhuriyet, Women, Politics, Struggle, Republic
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
9
Sayı
Kadın Özel Sayısı
Künye
İlyas, A. (2017). Osmanlı’dan Erken Cumhuriyet’e kadın siyasal hareketi. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9 (Kadın Özel Sayısı), ss.465-476.
