Yıldız mahkemesi karşısında Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar
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Tarih
2019-04-22
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Dicle Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
1876 yılında tahttan indirilen ve sonrasında şüpheli bir şekilde ölen Sultan Abdülaziz’in hal’ ve cinayet
şüphelilerini cezalandırmaya yönelik 1880-1881 yıllarında oluşturulan mahkemeye Yıldız Mahkemesi denilmektedir.
Yargılananlar arasında başta Mithat Paşa olmak üzere Sultan Abdülaziz’in tahttan indirilmesi hadisesinde rol alan
Mütercim Rüştü Paşa ve Şeyhülislam Hayrullah Efendi bulunmaktadır. Bilindiği gibi bu yargılamalar neticesinde sanıklar
idam cezasına çarptırılmış, daha sonra suçlu bulunanların cezası müebbet hapse çevrilmiştir. Mithat Paşa, Taif’e
gönderilerek hapsedilmiş; 1884’te ise burada boğdurularak öldürülmüştür.
Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemine damgasını vuran Yıldız Mahkemesi, aydın ve sanatçıların farklı cepheler
seçmesine neden olmuş, ayrı kamplarda yer alan aydın ve sanatçılar arasında bir husumet ve tartışma süregelmiştir.
Mithat Paşa’yı savunanlar onu bir “hürriyet kahramanı ve şehidi” olarak görürken Mithat Paşa’nın karşısında yer alanlar
ise Sultan Abdülaziz’in ölümünden birinci derecede sorumlu olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Başta Dekadanlık Münakaşası
olmak üzere “eski-yeni edebiyat” temelinde cereyan eden pek çok edebî tartışma, oluşan bu sosyal/siyasal atmosferin
gölgesinde yapılmıştır. Yeni Türk Edebiyatı araştırmaları tarihi bağlamında otorite olarak kabul edilen Ahmet Hamdi
Tanpınar’ın dönemin sosyal ve politik hadiselerini nasıl ele aldığı, Yıldız Mahkemesi eksenindeki tartışmalara nasıl
yaklaştığı, edebî eser ve eleştirisinin kendi dışında pek çok parametreyle ilgili olduğu görüşü doğrultusunda önemli hâle
gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın birbirine zıt savunu ve algılayışların egemen olduğu Mithat Paşa
ve Yıldız Mahkemesi ekseninde ortaya çıkan görüşlerden hangisini benimsediği ve bu görüşleri edebiyat tarihi
incelemelerine nasıl yansıttığı araştırılmaktadır.
Sultan Abdulaziz was dethroned in 1876 and later died of suspected suicide. The court which was formed in 1880-1881 in order to punish Sultan Abdulaziz’s dethronement and murder suspects is called the Yıldız Trial. Mütercim Rüştü Pasha and Sheikh al-Islam Hayrullah Efendi who played a role in the dethronement of Sultan Abdülaziz, including Mithat Pasha, were among the defendants. As known, at the end of these trials the defendants were sentenced to death, and then the sentences of those found guilty were changed to life imprisonment. Mithat Pasha was imprisoned in Taif where he was strangled in 1884. The Yıldız Trial, which left its mark on the last period of the Ottoman Empire, led intellectuals and artists to choose different fronts, and there was a conflict and debate between intellectuals and artists in separate camps. Those who defended Mithat Pasha regarded him as a hero of liberty and a martyr while those opposed to Mithat Pasha claimed that he was responsible for Sultan Abdülaziz’s death. Many literary debates that took place on the basis of old-new literature, especially The Decadance Debate, were made in the shadow of this incident. It is important how Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, who is considered to be an authority in the context of the history of Modern Turkish Literature, dealt with the social and political events of the period, and how he approached the discussions on the axis of the Yıldız Trial. In this study, we will examine what point of view was adopted by Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar related to Mithat Pasha and the Yıldız Trial and how he reflected those to his literary history examinations.
Sultan Abdulaziz was dethroned in 1876 and later died of suspected suicide. The court which was formed in 1880-1881 in order to punish Sultan Abdulaziz’s dethronement and murder suspects is called the Yıldız Trial. Mütercim Rüştü Pasha and Sheikh al-Islam Hayrullah Efendi who played a role in the dethronement of Sultan Abdülaziz, including Mithat Pasha, were among the defendants. As known, at the end of these trials the defendants were sentenced to death, and then the sentences of those found guilty were changed to life imprisonment. Mithat Pasha was imprisoned in Taif where he was strangled in 1884. The Yıldız Trial, which left its mark on the last period of the Ottoman Empire, led intellectuals and artists to choose different fronts, and there was a conflict and debate between intellectuals and artists in separate camps. Those who defended Mithat Pasha regarded him as a hero of liberty and a martyr while those opposed to Mithat Pasha claimed that he was responsible for Sultan Abdülaziz’s death. Many literary debates that took place on the basis of old-new literature, especially The Decadance Debate, were made in the shadow of this incident. It is important how Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, who is considered to be an authority in the context of the history of Modern Turkish Literature, dealt with the social and political events of the period, and how he approached the discussions on the axis of the Yıldız Trial. In this study, we will examine what point of view was adopted by Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar related to Mithat Pasha and the Yıldız Trial and how he reflected those to his literary history examinations.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Mithat Paşa, Yıldız Mahkemesi, Edebî Eleştiri, Mithat Pasha, Yıldız Trial, Literary Criticism
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
11
Sayı
22
Künye
Korkmaz, F. (2019). Yıldız mahkemesi karşısında Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(22), ss.42-51.
