Demokrat Parti Döneminde Bingöl ilinde eğitim (1950-1960)
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2017-08
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
ECLSS2017a
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de çok partili döneme geçişle birlikte Türkiye’nin eğitim politikası profilini
ortaya koymak ve bu eğitim politikalarının Bingöl şehrindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Genel olarak bakıldığında
bir ülkedeki eğitim politikası, o ülkedeki yönetimin niteliğini yansıtmaktadır. Siyasi iktidarlar da sosyal politika
aracı olarak gördükleri eğitim konusunu çeşitli dönemlerde yönlendirmişlerdir. Cumhuriyet’in ilan edilmesiyle
beraber ülkede okuma-yazma oranının % 10 civarında olduğu bilinmektedir. Dolayısıyla Atatürk döneminde
önemle ele alınan eğitim konusunda nicel artış İnönü döneminde Köy Enstitüleri’nin kurulmasıyla gelişme
göstermiştir. Yeniden inşa edilen ülke için eğitim konusunda birçok adım atılmış ancak dünya siyasi haritasını ve
görüşünü önemli ölçüde etkileyen II. Dünya Savaşı ile Batı’da yeni bir dünya düzeni kurulmuştur. Bu durum
yeni dengelerin oluşmasına neden olduğundan, Türkiye’de bu yeni oluşum içerisinde kendine yer bulabilmesi
için siyasal yapısını gözden geçirmesi kaçınılmaz olmuştu. Bilhassa bu oluşumun bir sonucu olarak 1946
yılından itibaren Türkiye’de çok partili döneme geçilmiştir. Demokrat Parti’nin kurulması ve 1950-1960 yılından
itibaren kesintisiz süren iktidarı, ülkede birçok dengeyi değiştirdiği gibi eğitim konusunda da önemli adımlar
atılmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Eğitimin yaygınlaştırılması ile yapılan çalışmalar ülkedeki tüm illerde olduğu
gibi Bingöl ilinde de olumlu etkisini göstermiştir. Bingöl’de 1950-1960 yıllarında Demokrat Parti programında
yer alan okuma-yazma oranının arttırılma hedefi uygulanmış, özellikle bu dönemde okul, öğretmen, öğrenci
sayısında nicel artışlar meydana gelmiştir. Demokrat Parti iktidarından önce ilde ilköğretim dışında okulların
olmadığı daha sonra 1950-1960 yıllarında Bingöl’de orta öğretim kurumlarından ilki eğitim vermeye başlamıştır.
The aim of this work is to shed light on the profile of the Turkish education system adopted with the transition to multi-party system in Turkey, and to determine the implications of such policies on the city of Bingol. To speak broadly, a country's education policy reflects the characteristics of its administration. Taking it as a means of social policy, the ruling powers have also manipulated education from time to time. It is known that the literacy rate of the country was around 10% when the Republic was proclaimed. Thus, the education issue was addressed with an utmost importance and care during the Atatürk period. However, a significant improvement in the quantities aspect of education was recorded through the establishment of what was then called the Village Institutions (Köy Enstitüleri) during the İnönü period. Many steps to this end were taken in the country going through a reconstruction process. However, a new world order was formed after the World War II which brought remarkable changes to the world political map and landscape. In the face of the new balances emerged afterwards, it became a must for Turkey to overhaul its political system in an effort to reposition itself in this new environment. A particular result of such efforts was the transition to a multiparty system in Turkey as of 1946. The establishment of the Demokrat Party and its uninterrupted stay in the power from 1950 to 1960 gave a way to taking important steps in education as it changed the internal balances. The efforts to spread education across the country bore fruits in Bingöl as well. Demokrat Party's agenda to increase literacy rate during 1950-1960 was implemented in Bingöl, especially resulting in surge in the number of schools, teachers and students. It was during this period that the secondary education began to be given in Bingöl, where there had been only elementary schools before Demokrat Party came to power.
The aim of this work is to shed light on the profile of the Turkish education system adopted with the transition to multi-party system in Turkey, and to determine the implications of such policies on the city of Bingol. To speak broadly, a country's education policy reflects the characteristics of its administration. Taking it as a means of social policy, the ruling powers have also manipulated education from time to time. It is known that the literacy rate of the country was around 10% when the Republic was proclaimed. Thus, the education issue was addressed with an utmost importance and care during the Atatürk period. However, a significant improvement in the quantities aspect of education was recorded through the establishment of what was then called the Village Institutions (Köy Enstitüleri) during the İnönü period. Many steps to this end were taken in the country going through a reconstruction process. However, a new world order was formed after the World War II which brought remarkable changes to the world political map and landscape. In the face of the new balances emerged afterwards, it became a must for Turkey to overhaul its political system in an effort to reposition itself in this new environment. A particular result of such efforts was the transition to a multiparty system in Turkey as of 1946. The establishment of the Demokrat Party and its uninterrupted stay in the power from 1950 to 1960 gave a way to taking important steps in education as it changed the internal balances. The efforts to spread education across the country bore fruits in Bingöl as well. Demokrat Party's agenda to increase literacy rate during 1950-1960 was implemented in Bingöl, especially resulting in surge in the number of schools, teachers and students. It was during this period that the secondary education began to be given in Bingöl, where there had been only elementary schools before Demokrat Party came to power.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim, Türkiye, Bingöl, Demokrat Parti, Çok Partili Dönem, Education, Turkey, Bingöl, Democratic Party, Multi-Party System
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
İlyas, A., Çoban, E. (2017). Demokrat Parti Döneminde Bingöl ilinde eğitim (1950-1960). 1st Eurasian Conference on Language and Social Sciences, May 22-24 2017, Antalya
