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Öğe Combustion, performance and emissions of a diesel power generator fueled with biodiesel-kerosene and biodiesel-kerosene-diesel blends(Elsevier, 2017-02-05) Bayındır, Hasan; Işık, Mehmet Zerrakki; Argunhan, Zeki; Yücel, Halit Lütfi; Aydın, HüseyinHigh percentages of biodiesel blends or neat biodiesel cannot be used in diesel engines due to high density and viscosity, and poor atomization properties that lead to some engine operational problems. Biodiesel was produced from canola oil by transesterification process. Test fuels were prepared by blending 80% of the biodiesel with 20% of kerosene (B80&K20) and 80% of the biodiesel with 10% of kerosene and 10% diesel fuel (B80&K10&D10). Fuels were used in a 4 cylinders diesel engine that was loaded with a generator. Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of the blend fuels and D2 in the diesel engine for certain loads of 3.6, 7.2 and 10.8 kW output power and 1500 rpm constant engine speed were experimented and deeply analyzed. It was found that kerosene contained blends had quite similar combustion characteristics with those of D2. Mass fuel consumption and Bscf were slightly increased for blend fuels. HC emissions slightly increased while NOx emissions considerably reduced for blends. It was resulted that high percentages of biodiesel can be a potential substitute for diesel fuel provided that it is used as blending fuel with certain amounts of kerosene.Öğe Combined effects of thermal barrier coating and blending with diesel fuel on usability of vegetable oils in diesel engines(Elsevier, 2013) Aydın, HüseyinThe possibility of using pure vegetable oils in a thermally insulated diesel engine has been experimentally investigated. Initially, the standard diesel fuel was tested in the engine, as base experiment for comparison. Then the engine was thermally insulated by coating some parts of it, such as piston, exhaust and intake valves surfaces with zirconium oxide (ZrO2). The main purpose of engine coating was to reduce heat rejection from the walls of combustion chamber and to increase thermal efficiency and thus to increase performance of the engine that using vegetable oil blends. Another aim of the study was to improve the usability of pure vegetable oils in diesel engines without performing any fuel treatments such as pyrolysis, emulsification and transesterification. Pure inedible cottonseed oil and sunflower oil were blended with diesel fuel. Blends and diesel fuel were then tested in the coated diesel engine. Experimental results proved that the main purpose of this study was achieved as the engine performance parameters such as power and torque were increased with simultaneous decrease in fuel consumption (bsfc). Furthermore, exhaust emission parameters such as CO, HC, and Smoke opacity were decreased. Also, sunflower oil blends presented better performance and emission parameters than cottonseed oil blends.Öğe Investigation of the usability of biodiesel obtained from residual frying oil in a diesel engine with thermal barrier coating(Journals & Books, 2015-04-05) Aydın, Hüseyin; Sayın, Cenk; Aydın, SelmanIn this study, biofuel was produced from residual frying oil of cottonseed and D2, B5 and B100 fuels were prepared in order to use in experiments. These fuels were tested in a single cylinder, four strokes, 3 LD 510 model Lombardini CI engine. Then the top surfaces of the piston and valves were coated with plasma spray coating method by using 100 μm of NiCrAl as lining layer and over this layer the same surfaces were coated with 400 μm of the mixture that consists of %88 ZrO2, %4 MgO and %8 Al2O3. After the coating process, above mentioned fuels were tested in the coated engine. Previously, same fuels had been tested in uncoated engine, at full load and various speeds. Performance, emission and combustion experiments were carried out in coated engine. By coating process, partial increases were observed in power, exhaust manifold temperature and engine noise, while partial decreases were seen in brake specific fuel consumption (Bsfc). Besides, partial reductions were found in carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and smoke opacity emissions, but partial increases were observed in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Cylinder gas pressure values were higher for coated engine. Moreover, heat releases were close to each other in both engines.Öğe An analysis of biodiesel requirement, production and policies in Turkey(e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 2008-02-01) Aydın, Hüseyin; Bayındır, HasanThe development of alternative fuels from renewable resources, like biomass, has gained considerable attention in recent years. A biodiesel program would give many benefits in terms of generation of employment for poor/rural people, farmers, accelerate of starting many type of industries for developing countries like Turkey. This paper investigates current status of biodiesel in Turkey, advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel in diesel engines, annual diesel fuel consumption, import and export ratings and annual diesel fuel demand. The main focus of this paper is on Turkey’s current fuel status and to clarify Turkey’s biodiesel demand as alternative to fossil diesel fuel. Results show that Turkey is highly in need of alternative energies such as bio-fuels. That’s way it is recommended that Turkey should promote oilseed crops farming to the rise production of biodiesel.Öğe Performance and emission analysis of cottonseed oil methyl ester in a diesel engine(Elsevier, 2010-03) Aydın, Hüseyin; Bayındır, HasanIn this study, performance and emissions of cottonseed oil methyl ester in a diesel engine was experimentally investigated. For the study, cottonseed oil methyl ester (CSOME) was added to diesel fuel, numbered D2, by volume of 5%(B5), 20%(B20), 50%(B50) and 75%(B75) as well as pure CSOME (B100). Fuels were tested in a single cylinder, direct injection, air cooled diesel engine. The effects of CSOME-diesel blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions were examined at various engine speeds and full loaded engine. The effect of B5, B20, B50, B75, B100 and D2 on the engine power, engine torque, bsfc's and exhaust gasses temperature were clarified by the performance tests. The influences of blends on CO, NOx, SO2 and smoke opacity were investigated by emission tests. The experimental results showed that the use of the lower blends (B5) slightly increases the engine torque at medium and higher speeds in compression ignition engines. However, there were no significant differences in performance values of B5, B20 and diesel fuel. Also with the increase of the biodiesel in blends, the exhaust emissions were reduced. The experimental results showed that the lower contents of CSOME in the blends can partially be substituted for the diesel fuel without any modifications in diesel engines.Öğe Performance and emission evaluation of a CI engine fueled with preheated raw rapeseed oil (RRO)–diesel blends(Journals & Books, 2010-03) Aydın, Hüseyin; Hanbey, HazarMany studies are still being carried out to find out surplus information about how vegetable based oils can efficiently be used in compression ignition engines. Raw rapeseed oil (RRO) was used as blended with diesel fuel (DF) by 50% oil–50% diesel fuel in volume (O50) also as blended with diesel fuel by 20% oil–80% diesel fuel in volume (O20). The test fuels were used in a single cylinder, four stroke, naturally aspirated, direct injection compression ignition engine. The effects of fuel preheating to 100 °C on the engine performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine fueled with rapeseed oil diesel blends were clarified. Results showed that preheating of RRO was lowered RRO’s viscosity and provided smooth fuel flow Heating is necessary for smooth flow and to avoid fuel filter clogging. It can be achieved by heating RRO to 100 °C. It can also be concluded that preheating of the fuel have some positive effects on engine performance and emissions when operating with vegetable oil.Öğe The effects of injection pressure on the engine performance characteristics of a CI engine fueled with canola oil-diesel blends(Energy Education Science and Technology Part A: Energy Science and Research, 2012-01) Aydın, HüseyinThe usage of vegetable oils in diesel engines has some negative effects especially on engine performance. Therefore vegetable oils can not be used as pure form or with high percentages in diesel fuel in unmodified diesel engines. Some of the engine operation conditions should be improved by modifying engine operation systems for this purpose. The effects of injection pressure on engine performance of a diesel engine, by using two different blends of vegetable oil (canola oil) in diesel fuel (DF) having a concentration of 20% (O20) and 50% (O50) vegetable oil, were studied in the present work. The injection pressure was changed from 200 MPa to 220 MPa. Tests were made at fully loaded engine and different speeds of engine operation. In the experiments, the engine power, torque, brake specific fuel consumption (Bsfc), mass fuel consumption rate, brake thermal efficiency and exhaust gas temperature of the test engine have been investigated. Results revealed that the increased injection pressure can significantly promote performance parameters of diesel engine with using vegetable oil without any modification either in oil or in engine itself. The improved results of experiments have been given as graphics in this paper.Öğe Determination of performance and exhaust emissions properties of B75 in a CI engine application(Journals & Books, 2011-09) Aydın, Hüseyin; İlkılıç, CumaliIn this study, performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel in a compression ignition engine was experimentally investigated. Therefore, biodiesel has been made by transesterification from cotton seed oil and then it was mixed with diesel fuel by 25% volumetrically, called here as B75 fuel. B75 fuel was tested, as alternative fuel, in a single cylinder, four strokes, and air-cooled diesel engine. The effect of B75 and diesel fuels on the engine power, engine torque and break specific fuel consumption were clarified by the performance tests. The influences of B75 fuel on CO, HC, NOx, Smoke opacity, CO2, and O2 emissions were investigated by emission tests. The engine torque and power, for B75 fuel, were lower than that of diesel fuel in range of 2–3%. However, for the B75, specific fuel consumption was higher than that of diesel fuel by approximately 3%. CO2, CO, HC, smoke opacity and NOx emissions of B75 fuel were lower than that of diesel fuel. The experimental results showed that B75 fuel can be substituted for the diesel fuel without any modifications in diesel engines.Öğe The effects of apricots seed oil biodiesel with some additives on performance and emissions of a diesel engine(International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 2016) Aydın, Hüseyin; Hanbey, Hazar; Uyar, Mahmut; Şap, EmineThe purpose of this experimental work is to investigate influences of using manganese (Mn) as a combustion catalysts on apricot seed oil based biodiesel production and its engine out parameters. The metal based additive (Mn) was added to biodiesel (B50) at different dosages of 20-40-60 μmol/L. Also, other additives the propylene glycol and dodecanol were added into apricot seed oil biodiesel (B50) at rates of 5% and 1%, respectively for preparing test fuels.This additives improved flash point, pour point and viscosity of the biodiesel (B50) fuel. Experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of all additives added to biodiesel on performance and emission characteristics of a three-cylinder DI diesel engine operated at a constant speed of 1500 rpm and different loads from 2,50 to 10 kW. The engine test results revealed that specific fuel consumption, NOx were not changed significantly with the adding additives to biodiesel (B50) fuel, while CO, HC and smoke emission profiles were improved.Öğe Diesel engine applications for evaluation of performance and emission behavior of biodiesel from different oil stocks(Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, 2015-05) Aydın, Hüseyin; Behçet, Rasim; İlkılıç, Cumali; İşcan, Bahattin; Aydın, SelmanExtensive researches on alternative fuels have been carried out since the fossil-based fuels are limited. Many of these studies have ever been on the usability of vegetable oils in diesel engines. In the current work, biodiesel were produced from waste fish oil (FOB), hazelnut oil (HOB), rapeseed oil (ROB), and waste cooking oil (WCOB) by transesterification method. The same optimized variables of 6:1 methanol/oil molar ratio (mol/mol), 0.4% sodium methoxide concentration (wt.%), 60°C reaction temperature, 1000 rpm agitation speed and 2 h reaction time conditions were performed for biodiesel production from all kinds of above mentioned oils. Some of the important chemical and physical properties of test fuels were found. Without making blends with diesel fuel, pure biodiesels were used in a diesel engine in order to clarify how their usage effects on engine performance and exhaust emission parameters. When compared with those of diesel fuel, average torque and power were reduced while brake specific fuel consumption was increased for biodiesels. Besides, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were considerably lower for biodiesel usage while oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions were higher than that of diesel fuel. Furthermore, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and smoke opacity were reduced for biodiesel usage. Oxygen (O2) contained in the exhaust gases were higher for biodiesels while they contain more oxygen molecules in their structure
