Characterization of medieval glass from Cizre Castle excavation by SEM-EDS and P-EDXRF analyses
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020-06-15
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Özet
Şırnak İli Cizre İlçesinde yer alan Cizre Kalesi Kazıları’nda 2013-2017 yılları arasında ele gecen cam örnekler arkeometrik yönden incelenmiştir. Cam örnekler öncelikle form özelliklerini yansıtacak şekilde görsel olarak tanımlanmış, fotoğraflanarak belgelenmiş ve kodlanmıştır. Cam örneklerinin yapım teknikleri hem görsel hem de taramalı mikroskop altında habbe şekillerine göre belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Örneklerin element ve mineralojik içerikleri taşınabilir Enerji dağılımlı X-ışınları floresans spektroskopi (P-EDXRF) ve Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu-Enerji Dağılımlı Spektroskopi (SEM-EDS) yöntemleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları cam örneklerin 7 tanesi soda camı iken diğer 7 si potasyum kireç camı olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Örneklerin yüksek Si içerikleri, camların hem mekanik direnç ve dayanıklılığın, hem de ergime sıcaklığının yüksek oluşuna işaret etmektedir. Cam örneklerin üretiminde bir örnek hariç bitki külü (K ve/veya Mg) kullanılmamıştır. Cam örneklerin Al içeriklerindeki farklılık örneklerin hammadde adresini ayrı kaynaklara dayandırmaktadır. Sr ve Zr’nin tespit edilmemiş veya düşük oranlarda olması karasal hammadde kullanılmış olduğunu göstermektedir. Camlarda renk veren elementler; Fe, Co, Mn ve Cu’dur
The ancient glass artifacts uncovered in Cizre Castle excavations between 2013- 2017 in Şırnak province were analysed archaeometrically, ensuring all samples were recorded and catalogued appropriately. The production techniques of the samples were determined in terms of sample pore shapes via scan electron microscope analysis (SEM). The elemental and mineralogical structure of the glass samples were analysed via portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (P-EDXRF) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with X-Ray Energy Dispersive (SEM-EDS). Complementary analysis showed that seven pieces of glasses are soda/lime glass and other seven are potash – lime glass. Also, the high SiO2 content of the samples not only illustrated the high mechanical strength and durability, but also proved that they have high melting temperatures. The low rate of K and/or Mg showed that plant ash was not present in the glass samples and the different rates of Al content in the samples addressed the different sources of the raw materials. The absence or low values of Zr and Sr in the material analysis emphasized that materials obtained for production of glass were terrestrial. Finally, detection of Fe, Mn, Co and Cu elements were discovered to be used as colorants for the glasses.
The ancient glass artifacts uncovered in Cizre Castle excavations between 2013- 2017 in Şırnak province were analysed archaeometrically, ensuring all samples were recorded and catalogued appropriately. The production techniques of the samples were determined in terms of sample pore shapes via scan electron microscope analysis (SEM). The elemental and mineralogical structure of the glass samples were analysed via portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (P-EDXRF) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with X-Ray Energy Dispersive (SEM-EDS). Complementary analysis showed that seven pieces of glasses are soda/lime glass and other seven are potash – lime glass. Also, the high SiO2 content of the samples not only illustrated the high mechanical strength and durability, but also proved that they have high melting temperatures. The low rate of K and/or Mg showed that plant ash was not present in the glass samples and the different rates of Al content in the samples addressed the different sources of the raw materials. The absence or low values of Zr and Sr in the material analysis emphasized that materials obtained for production of glass were terrestrial. Finally, detection of Fe, Mn, Co and Cu elements were discovered to be used as colorants for the glasses.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antik Camlar, Cam Analizleri, Cizre Kaleiçi Kazısı Camları, Camlarda XRF Analizi, Camlarda SEM-EDS Analizi, Ancient Glasses, Glass Analyses, Cizre Castle, P-XRF Analysis of Glasses, SEM-EDS Analysis of Glasses
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
26
Künye
Aydın, M., Güngör, A. (2020). Characterization of medieval glass from Cizre Castle excavation by SEM-EDS and P-EDXRF analyses. TÜBA - AR: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, (26), pp. 149-158. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2020.26.008
