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Öğe RCCI yanmalı motorda aspir biyodizeli karışımları ve benzin kullanımının orta yüklerde performans ve emisyon etkilerinin incelenmesi(Fırat Akademi A.Ş, 2017) Aydın, Hüseyin; Işık, Mehmet Zerrakki; Oktay, HasanDizel bir jeneratörde RCCI uygulamasının performans ve emisyonlar üzerine etkileri, yüksek reaktviteli (birincil yakıt) yakıt olarak aspir yağı biyodizeli ve dizel karışımları, düşük reaktiviteli yakıt olarak benzin kullanımıyla incelenmiştir. RCCI uygulaması ikincil bir yakıt enjeksiyon sisteminin emme manifolduyla irtibatlandırılmasıyla sağlanmıştır. Benzin RCCI uygulama oranı motorun toplam kütlesel yakıt tüketiminin %40'u ve %60'si oranında olup, PFI olarak önceden karıştırılmıştır. Testler dizel-jeneratör grubunun tam gücünün %50’ine karşılık gelen ve orta yükleme sayılacak sabit bir 7.2kW motor gücü ve 1500devir/dakikalık bir motor devri gerçekleştirildi. Dizel ile biyodizel karışımının amacı, yanmanın başlamasını kolaylaştırmak için birincil yakıtın reaktivitesini arttırmaktır. Motor alanındaki çalışmaların için en önemli performans ve emisyon parametreleri derinlemesine incelenmiş ve sonuçlar sunulmuştur. RCCI uygulamasında toplam yakıt tüketimi artmış, NOx emisyonları önemli ölçüde azalırken, CO ve HC emisyonları düşük oranda artmıştır.Öğe Analysis of ethanol RCCI application with safflower biodiesel blends in a high load diesel power generator(Elsevier, 2016-11-15) Işık, Mehmet Zerrakki; Aydın, HüseyinThe effects of RCCI in a diesel power generator by using safflower oil biodiesel-diesel blends were experimentally investigated. Ethanol was premixed as PFI by rates of 30% and 50% of total mass fuel consumption of the engine. Tests were conducted at constant engine speed of 1500 rpm and fixed load 10.8 kW engine power. The purpose of blending biodiesel with diesel is to increase the fuel reactivity of primary fuel in order to easily initiate the combustion. Therefore, test fuels were prepared by blending 10% of the biodiesel with 90% of diesel, 20% of the biodiesel with 80% of diesel and 50% of the biodiesel with 50% of diesel. The most important combustion, performance and emission indicators of the engine under various conditions have been deeply investigated and results have been presented. The ethanol RCCI operation increased peak pressure values especially with using of B50 as high reactivity fuel while combustion was retarded for both RCCI modes. Overall, many indicators of the combustion was improved. Performance parameters were developed. Especially, bsfc was considerably increased. NOx, emissions were considerably decreased while CO and HC emissions were a bit increased.Öğe Aspir biyodizeli karışımları ve benzin ile çalışan bir RCCI motorunun orta yüklerde yanma özelliklerinin araştırılması(Fırat Akademi A.Ş, 2017) Aydın, Hüseyin; Işık, Mehmet ZerrakkiDizel bir jeneratörde RCCI uygulamasının performans ve emisyonlar üzerine etkileri, yüksek reaktviteli (birincil yakıt) yakıt olarak aspir yağı biyodizeli ve dizel karışımları, düşük reaktiviteli yakıt olarak benzin kullanımıyla incelenmiştir. RCCI uygulaması ikincil bir yakıt enjeksiyon sisteminin emme manifolduyla irtibatlandırılmasıyla sağlanmıştır. Benzin RCCI uygulama oranı motorun toplam kütlesel yakıt tüketiminin %40'u ve %60'si oranında olup, PFI olarak önceden karıştırılmıştır. Testler dizel- jeneratör grubunun tam gücünün %50’ine karşılık gelen ve orta yükleme sayılacak sabit bir 7.2kW motor gücü ve 1500devir/dakikalık bir motor devri gerçekleştirildi. Dizel ile biyodizel karışımının amacı, yanmanın başlamasını kolaylaştırmak için birincil yakıtın reaktivitesini arttırmaktır. Motor alanındaki çalışmaların için en önemli yanma parametreleri derinlemesine incelenmiş ve sonuçlar sunulmuştur. Benzin RCCI uygulamasında maksimum basınç, ısı salınımı değerleri artmış, kütlesel yanma oranları benzer olmuştur. Tek yakıt ve RCCI uygulamasında vuruntu oluşmamıştır.Öğe The use of waste transformer oil as alternative fuel in a diesel power generator(International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 2019-10-31) Altun, Şehmus; Yıldız, AbdulkerimIn this study, waste transformer oil (WTO) was investigated as a fuel candidate for a diesel power generator set in terms of its fuel and combustion characteristics. Kinematic viscosity, which is the most restrictive property of WTO (9.6 mm2 /s at 40 oC), was measured on different blends with a conventional diesel fuel (in 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% by volume) in order to detect the suitable blending ratio to be used in engine without any modification, and to propose some blending strategies to optimize engine performance and emissions. The blended fuels containing WTO up to 50% with diesel by volume were found to have a viscosity which is within standard value specified for conventional diesel fuels, i.e., 2.0-4.5 mm2 /s in EN590, and in case 60% WTO, it agrees with EN14214 (3.5-5.0 mm2 /s) alternative diesel fuel standards. It is also found that a fuel blend containing 20% WTO and 80% diesel have a kinematic viscosity and density which are very close to conventional diesel’ values. Therefore, WTO was blended with diesel at the rate of 20% by volume and then tested in a 4-stroke and 4-cylinder diesel engine powered generator set under constant speed-variable load conditions. Measured and calculated results were compared with the results of conventional diesel tested under the same conditions. Experimental results showed that specific fuel consumption, NOx and unburned HC emissions reduced when using blended fuel instead of conventional diesel. Cylinder gas pressure was higher for blended fuels than that of conventional diesel while the start of combustion was later in the case of blended fuelsÖğe Effect of using bioethanol as fuel on start-up and warm-up exhaust emissions from a diesel power generator(Taylor & Francis, 2021-09-01) Altun, Şehmus; Adin, Mehmet Şükrü; Adin, Muhammed ŞakirThe present work investigates the effects of bioethanol as fuel additive on a diesel power generator’s exhaust emission (especially under transient conditions) characteristics, during the start-up followed by idling and warm-up periods, from no load to loaded cases up to 50% at ambient conditions. Experiments with diesel/bioethanol blends in 10% and 15% proportions (denoted as BE10 and BE15, respectively) were achieved in a diesel power generator following the practical operating conditions of the gen-sets. Regarding emissions, CO increased first when bioethanol is used during start-up at no load, then it starts to decrease by increasing bioethanol fraction in diesel and load applied. Unburnt HC emissions were also measured as highest for all fuels tested during start-up, while they were slightly higher for BE15 than others in the rest of the test. NOx was highest with petroleum diesel, while it was lowest with BE15 at start-up. Despite higher NOx was measured with BE10, those of petroleum diesel and BE15 were similar during warm-up together with applying load. Smoke opacity was lowest in BE15; however, BE10 was highest. By applying load, it increased and the highest NOx was measured with BE10, while the lowest was with BE15.Öğe Determining optimal artificial neural network training method in predicting the performance and emission parameters of a biodiesel-fueled diesel generator(International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 2019-04-03) Altun, Şehmus; Ertuğrul, Ömer FarukArtificial neural network (ANN) methods were employed and suggested in modeling the emissions and performance of a diesel generator fueled with waste cooking oil derived biodiesel during steady-state operation. These papers are generally built on determining optimal network structure, but the modelling accuracy of an ANN is also highly dependent on employed training method. In modeling, operating conditions and fuel blend ratio were used as the inputs while the performance and emission parameters were the outputs. The modeling results obtained by conventional ANNs that were trained by back propagation (BP) learning algorithm, radial basis function (RBF), and extreme learning machine (ELM) were compared with experimental results and each other. The accuracy of the estimations by ELM was above 95% for all the output parameters except for specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency. Moreover, ELM performed better than BP and RBF with lower mean relative error (MRE) in case where the emissions were estimated. The ELM provided correlation coefficients of 0.987, 0.950 and 0.996 for unburned hydrocarbons (HCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke opacity (SO), respectively, while for BP, they were 0.973, 0.818, 0.993, and for RBF, 0.975, 0.640 and 0.981. The most suitable training function for each emission and performance parameters of diesel generator was determined based on obtained accuracies.
