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Öğe Effects of ethanol addition to biodiesel fuels derived from cottonseed oil and its cooking waste as fuel in a generator diesel engine(Taylor & Francis, 2020-03) Karakaya, HakanExploration of energy sources such as renewable and non-edible vegetable oils has been continued during the recent two decades of 2000s. Cottonseed oil is a non-edible, abundant oil and is generally used as cooking oil. In the present study, the usability of biodiesel derived from both cottonseed oil and its cooking wastes was investigated by blending them with ULSD or ethanol in 50 percentages. B50, WB50, B50E50 and WB50E50, biodiesel and ethanol-contained fuels and ULSD were prepared for experiments. Combustion, performance, and emissions tests were conducted on a diesel engine used for power-producing electrical generator. In the combustion tests, cylinder pressure, HRR, CHR, MGT, and MFB were analyzed while MFC, BSFC, exhaust manifold temperature, and thermal efficiency were obtained in the performance tests. In the emissions tests, CO, HC, and NOx emissions were measured and compared with the results of ULSD. Combustion and performance findings of ULSD contained biodiesel blends were found more similar to those of ULSD. The duration of combustion stage can clearly be seen to be narrowed for ethanol-contained blend because of the rabid combustion characteristics of ethanol. Besides, the peak of HRR was found 10% higher for B50E50 while it was found averagely 8% for WB50E50 blends. NOx emissions were found 48% lower averagely for ethanol contained biodiesel blends that it is the most important finding of ethanol using with biodiesel. Besides, HC emissions were also found about 75% for biodiesel contained diesel fuel blends.Öğe Exhaust emissions of methanol and ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends in a spark ignition engine(VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 2013) Altun, Şehmus; Öztop, Hakan Fehmi; Öner, Cengiz; Varol, YasinIn this study, the effect of unleaded gasoline and unleaded gasoline blended with 5% and 10% of ethanol or methanol on the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark-ignition engine were experimentally investigated. The engine tests were performed by varying the engine speed between 1000 and 4000 rpm with 500 rpm period at three-fourth throttle opening position. The results showed that brake specific fuel consumption increased while brake thermal efficiency, emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon decreased with methanol-unleaded gasoline and ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends. It was found that a 10% blend of ethanol or methanol with unleaded gasoline works well in the existing design of engine and parameters at which engines are operating.Öğe Analysis of ethanol RCCI application with safflower biodiesel blends in a high load diesel power generator(Elsevier, 2016-11-15) Işık, Mehmet Zerrakki; Aydın, HüseyinThe effects of RCCI in a diesel power generator by using safflower oil biodiesel-diesel blends were experimentally investigated. Ethanol was premixed as PFI by rates of 30% and 50% of total mass fuel consumption of the engine. Tests were conducted at constant engine speed of 1500 rpm and fixed load 10.8 kW engine power. The purpose of blending biodiesel with diesel is to increase the fuel reactivity of primary fuel in order to easily initiate the combustion. Therefore, test fuels were prepared by blending 10% of the biodiesel with 90% of diesel, 20% of the biodiesel with 80% of diesel and 50% of the biodiesel with 50% of diesel. The most important combustion, performance and emission indicators of the engine under various conditions have been deeply investigated and results have been presented. The ethanol RCCI operation increased peak pressure values especially with using of B50 as high reactivity fuel while combustion was retarded for both RCCI modes. Overall, many indicators of the combustion was improved. Performance parameters were developed. Especially, bsfc was considerably increased. NOx, emissions were considerably decreased while CO and HC emissions were a bit increased.Öğe Effect of ethanol blending with biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a CI engine(Elsevier, 2010-02-02) Aydın, Hüseyin; İlkılıç, CumaliThe use of biodiesel as an alternative diesel engine fuel is increasing rapidly. However, due to technical deficiencies, they are rarely used purely or with high percentages in unmodified diesel engines. Therefore, in this study, we used ethanol as an additive to research the possible use of higher percentages of biodiesel in an unmodified diesel engine. Commercial diesel fuel, 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel fuel, called here as B20, and 80% biodiesel and 20% ethanol, called here as BE20, were used in a single cylinder, four strokes direct injection diesel engine. The effect of test fuels on engine torque, power, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, and CO, CO2, NOx and SO2 emissions was investigated. The experimental results showed that the performance of CI engine was improved with the use of the BE20 especially in comparison to B20. Besides, the exhaust emissions for BE20 were fairly reduced.Öğe The effects of λ and ε on engine performance and exhaust emissions using ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends in an SI engine(Taylor & Francis, 2011-01) Bayındır, Hasan; Yücesu, Hüseyin Serdar; Aydın, HüseyinIn this study, the effect of relative air-fuel ratio (λ) and compression ratio (ε) on engine performance and exhaust emissions was experimentally investigated. The experiments were performed by varying ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends as E0 (100% unleaded gasoline), E10 (10% ethanol and 90% gasoline blend), E30 (30% ethanol and 70% gasoline blend), and E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline blend). In experiments, first the effects of ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions at 0.931, 1, and 1.069 λ values were clarified. Second, tests were carried out with compression ratios of 7:1, 9:1, and 11:1. The results indicated that the relative air-fuel ratio and ethanol content play an important role in reducing CO (carbon monoxide emissions) and HC (hydrocarbon) emissions. Results also showed that the engine power was slightly decreased, especially at higher engine speeds. A probable knocking phenomenon did not occur with the increase of compression ratio because of a higher octane number of ethanol-unleaded gasoline blends.Öğe Comparison of methanol, ethanol, or n-butanol blending with unleaded gasoline on exhaust emissions of an SI engine(Taylor & Francis, 2014-03-18) Altun, Şehmus; Varol, Yasin; Öner, Cengiz; Öztop, Hakan FehmiAir pollution is becoming a serious problem in many urban cities of the world and it can have a serious effect on both health and the environment. Although experimental studies have shown that alcohol fuels burn cleaner than unleaded gasoline and produce lesser emission, there is limited information regarding the comparison among the alcohol fuels as gasoline additive in spark-ignited engines. Therefore, a comparison has been performed in this experimental work on the exhaust emissions of a spark-ignited engine when operating on a blend of methanol, ethanol, or n-butanol with unleaded gasoline. Methanol, ethanol and n-butanol were added to unleaded gasoline by mass percent of 10% (denoted as M10, E10 and Bu10, respectively), and then tested in a four cylinder, four strokes spark-ignited engine. Although the experimental results show little differences in exhaust emissions between M10, E10, and Bu10, compared with Bu10, M10 and E10 have lower carbon monoxide emission and higher fuel consumption, hydrocarbon, and CO2 emission. Compared with unleaded gasoline, blended fuels containing different alcohols appear to have a lower carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions and a higher fuel consumption rate and CO2 emissions.Öğe Alkol ve anti icing katkı maddelerinin jet yakıtı özellikleri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi(Batman Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2022-01-21) Avcı, Murat; Yaşar, FevziBu tez çalışmasında jet yakıtına belirli oranlarda katılan metanol, etanol, izopropanol ve Dietilen glikol monometil eter (di-EGME)’in jet yakıtının; yoğunluk, viskozite, donma noktası ve parlama noktası gibi özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Yukarıda belirtilen her bir katkı maddesinden %2 ,%5, %7 ve %10 oranlarında JP-8 yakıtına ilave edilerek, gerekli karışım elde edilmiş olup ilgili cihazlarda analiz edilmiştir. Tezin ilgili bölümünde detaylı olarak açıklanan cihazlardan elde edilen veriler tablo ve grafikler yardımı ile yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmaların sonucunca: JP-8 yakıtının yoğunluk değerinin 797 kg/m3 olduğu ve bu değerin karıştırılan;metanol, etanol ve izopropil alkolde çok büyük bir değişkenlik göstermediği fakat di EGME’nin eklenmesi ile kayda değer bir artış göstererek 814,5 kg/m3 seviyesine kadar çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Viskozite değerinin: metanol ve etanolün eklenmesi ile büyük bir değişkenlik göstermeyip, izopropil alkolün %10 eklenmesi ile 1,298 mm/ s2 ’e , di-EGME’nin eklenmesi ile 1,98 mm/ s2 seviyesine kadar yükseldiği görülmüştür. JP-8 yakıtının 46 C o olan parlama noktası değeri: metanolün %10 eklenmesi ile 40 oC, etanolün %10 eklenmesi ile 43,4 oC, izopropanolün %10 eklenmesi ile 42,9 oC ve di-EGME’nin eklenmesi ile 55,4 oC olarak ölçülmüştür. JP-8 yakıtının -56,7 oC olan donma noktası değeri: metanolün %10 eklenmesi ile -61,7 oC, etanolün %10 eklenmesi ile -62,1 oC, izopropanolün %10 eklenmesi ile -57,6 oC ve di-EGME’nin eklenmesi ile -54,6 oC olarak ölçülmüştür.Öğe An overview on the light alcohol fuels in diesel engines(Elsevier, 2019-01-15) Aydın, Hüseyin; Çelebi, YahyaOne of the most useful characteristics of the science is its cumulative concept. This work was done as an attemptto contribute this nature. As many reports have revealed that petroleum based fuels are depleting and releasingharmful emissions to the natural atmosphere, law makers contemplate to eliminate or at least mitigate theseissues for the near future. In order to deeply address these issues, many studies have been proposed on the usageof alternative fuels such as methanol and ethanol to diminish exhaust gas pollution released from the internalcombustion engines and to replace conventional fuels with alternative fuels that have extensive feedstock. Lightalcohols (methanol and ethanol) are the most promising fuels in internal combustion engines thanks to theirextensive feedstock, low-emissions, low-cost and easy-adaptability to the engine technologies. It has been re-corded in the recent past that many researches have worked on light alcohol effects especially in diesel engines.In the light of the previous literature, this present paper reviews the past works to identify the effects of lightalcohols on performance, combustion and emissions in the internal combustion engines including the produc-tions, economic benefits, applications, demand and supply, environmental and human impacts of light alcohols.Various applications of light alcohols in diesel engines with diesel, biodiesel, the blends of diesel/biodiesel anddiesel/biodiesel/esters in the internal combustion engines are summarized
